energy and metabolism Flashcards
what is energy
bringing change in matter
5 forms of energy
- heat
- mechanical
- chemical
- electrical
- sound
What is energy storage
energy intake - energy expenditure
energy sources in
- carbs
- protein
- fat
-alcohol
energy out
- resting metabolic rate
- thermic effect of feeding
- physical activity energy expenditure
law of thermodynamic spontaneity
energy will be transformed into
1) random disordered or dissipated form unavailable to do work
2) free energy
3) heat energy enthalpy
during biochemical reaction what are present
∆G = ∆H - T∆S
where:
∆G = change in free energy
∆H = change in enthalpy (change in heat energy)
T = absolute temperature (K)
∆S = change in entropy (change in random energy)
what is change in free energy
is the difference in freee energy content between the reactant and products
how is energy broken down
food
energy
atp
- food (exergonic reaction = energy lost)
- energy endogonic (stored and energy gain)
- ATP exergonic reaction = energy lost)
metabolism of carbs
carbs -> glucose -> ATP or stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles
metabolism of fat
fat -> fatty acids -> ATP or stored in adipose tissue
METABOLISM OF PROTEINS
proteins -> amino acids ->ATP or they are stored
where is excess fat stored
Fat -> stored as adipose tissue
where is excess carbs stored
adipose tissue
where is excess alcohol stored
stored as adipose tissue
