cell structure and function

Question 1

levels of organisation

Answer 1

-orgaism level
-organ system level
-organ level
-tissue level
-cell level
-chemical level

Question 2

what is the organism level

Answer 2

organ system make up an organism

Question 3

organism system level

Answer 3

organs such as liver, make the organ system

Question 4

organ level

Answer 4

different tissues combine to form organs, such as the stomach

Question 5

tissue level

Answer 5

similar cells and surrounding material such as the stomach

Question 6

cell level

Answer 6

molecules form organelles, such as mitocondria or the nucleus

Question 7

chemical level

Answer 7

atoms (combine to form molecules)

Question 8

nucleaus functions

Answer 8

• control the chemical reactions within the cytoplasm
• to store info needed for cellurlar division

Question 9

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 9

• site of translation, folding + transporting protein as well as protein that may be secreted from the cell
• endoplasmic reticulum consists of an extensive membrane network of tubes and cisternae ( sac-like structure ) whilst other parts of the ER membrane are contiunous
• part of the ER covered in ribosomes

Question 10

ribosomes

Answer 10

• small ball-like structures in cells made by proteins and RNA molcules = how protiens are made.

Question 11

golgi apparatus

Answer 11

• the central delivery system for the cell
• processes proteins

Question 12

mitocondria

Answer 12

• powerhouse of the cell
• the primary funtion is to convert organic materials into energy in the form ATP

Question 13

lysosmes

Answer 13

• it contains enzymes that digest macromolecules and are build in the golgi apparat built
• the most important enzyme (lipase, carbs, protease, nuclease)

Question 14

cytoplasm

Answer 14

• semi-fluid contained inside plasma membrane
• composed of ions and soluble macromolecules like enzyme, carbs, salts and proteins

Question 15

cytoskeleton

Answer 15

• cellular scaffolding

Question 16

plasma membrane

Answer 16

• all cells have plasma membranes that: defines the boundary of the cell
• serves as a selective barrier
• receives info/stimuli
• has the capacity for movement and expansion

Question 17

plasma membrane

Answer 17

• phopholipid bilayer depends on its composition
• lipid bilayer acts as permeability
• protein molecules mediate other functions

Question 18

transport of plasma membrane

Answer 18

• simple diffusion
• facilitated diffusion
• active transport

Question 19

homeostasis

Answer 19

• self regualtion of the body
• dynamic not static
• when homeostasis is maintained we refer to physiology
• if not its called pathophysiology