Energy And Biosynthesis 3 Flashcards
Overall chemical reaction for cellular respiration, including how many ATPs are produced
C6H12O6 + O2 —-> CO2 + H2O + 36ATP
Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration
Aerobic used O2 while anaerobic does not
Name the process used in an anaerobic environment
Fermentation or lactic acid production
Identify the product formed at the end of an anaerobic environment
Sore muscles/lactic acid
Explain what lactate does to the body
During intense exercise there might not be enough oxygen available to complete the process, so lactate is made. This can be converted into energy without using oxygen, but can build up faster than your body can burn off and will cause sore muscles
State the products of glycolysis
2 ATP, 2 pyruvates, 2 NADH
How many ATP are used in glycolysis
2
Where are NADH that were formed during glycolysis used
In electron transport chain
In which part of the cell does the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain occur
Mitochondria
What are the products formed from 2 cycles of the citric acid cycle
2 GTP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 4 CO2
Differentiate between GTP and ATP
They are the same (carry out same functions) GTP just uses guanine
Where are the NADH and FADH2 formed during the citric acid cycle used
In electron transport chain (they transfer electrons through carriers that lower the electrons energy and they turn into NAD+ and FAD and are recycled back to citric acid cycle)
Describe the process used in the electron transport chain
NADH and FADH2 transfer electrons through carriers that lower the electrons energy, then this energy is used to move H+ against the gradient. The H+ gradient is used to phosphorylate ADP, producing 32 ATP and H2O
Define phosphorylation
Adding phosphate to a molecule
Where are the NAD+ and FAD sent after being produced in the electron transport chain
Recycled to citric acid cycle
