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Geography > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What are two advantages of coal energy?

A
  • Generates large amount of energy

- Still enough coal for 200 years

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2
Q

What are three disadvantages of coal energy?

A
  • Burning coal releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere
  • Mining coal is dangerous - has caused many deaths
  • Expensive to develop mines and opencast pits
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3
Q

What are advantages of wind energy resources?

A
  • Doesn’t pollute

- Lowest cost renewable energy

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4
Q

What are disadvantages of wind energy resources?

A
  • Energy is only produced when it is windy
  • Ugly
  • Expensive
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5
Q

What was 91% of the UK’s energy consumption in 1970s?

A

Coal and petrol

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6
Q

What is goal for the amount of petrol and coal for the energy mix?

A

15%

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7
Q

What are the three main reasons for the change demand for energy?

A
  • Rapid population growth
  • People more able to afford fuel
  • Advances in technology
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8
Q

What are social disadvantages of coal?

A
  • Mining can cause subsidence of building

- Miners at risk of illness and death

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9
Q

What are social disadvantages of oil?

A

-Leaks/spills expose people to harmful chemicals

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10
Q

What are social disadvantages of natural gas?

A

-Safe= lighter than air and dissipates when there a leakage

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11
Q

What are environmental disadvantages of natural gas?

A
  • Waste highly radioactive= potential pollution from storing

- Produces less CO2

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12
Q

What are environmental disadvantages of coal?

A
  • Groundwater can become polluted

- Burning coal produces large amounts of CO2

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13
Q

What are 2 environmental disadvantages of oil?

A
  • Oil spillages= pollution of groundwater and drinking water

- Land cleared for oil extraction= loss of farmland

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14
Q

What is an environmental disadvantages of natural gas?

A
  • Made from methane= fewer carbon emissions than other fossil fuels
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15
Q

What is a positive impact of HEP socially?

A

Could generate tourism tourism,providing jobs for local people as guides

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16
Q

What is a negative impact of HEP socially?

A

Building dams displaced people from their homes

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17
Q

What is in the London Array?

A

Wind farm

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18
Q

What is a social benefit of wind energy?

A

Offshore wind farms like the London Array can generate enough energy to power thousands of

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19
Q

What is a social disadvantage of wind energy?

A

Wind turbines installed on land can cause noise and visual pollution

20
Q

What is a environmental benefit of wind energy?

A

Offshore wind farms like the London Array help to save thousands of tonnes of CO2 each year

21
Q

What is a environmental disadvantage of wind energy?

A

Wind farms can have an impact on migration patterns of birds

22
Q

What is a social benefit of solar energy?

A

More governments are investing in developing solar energy, creating jobs

23
Q

What is a social disadvantage of solar energy?

A

Potential reduction in farmland for farmers to grow crops on

24
Q

What are two environmental disadvantage of solar energy?

A
  • Many solar parks built in the desert- can damage fragile ecosystems
  • Constructing solar panels uses toxic metals like cadmium- can harm the environment
25
Q

What are different (3) views of renewable energy with individuals?

A
  • More now using energy-efficient products and generating renewable energy, e.g solar panels on roofs
  • Some feel renewable energy is too expensive (more than fossil fuels) -don’t want higher energy bills
  • People living near proposed wind farms/solar parks may have concerns about noise and visual impact
26
Q

What are 2 different views on renewable energy for organisations?

A
  • Many see the importance of sustainability

- Increased operating costs may be a problem for small companies

27
Q

How have McDonald improved sustainability?

A
  • Refuse of cooking oil from restaurants as bio diesel in delivery lorries
  • Replacing neon and filament bulb lighting with LED lighting
28
Q

How do governments handle sustainability (3 ways)?

A
  • World leader’s conferences have set shared targets and measures for sustainability.
  • The UK and 195 other nations pledged to limit the increase in global temperature by 2 degrees Celsius at UN Climate Change Summit (2015), including investing in new low-carbon energy technologies
  • Many countries are adopting and encouraging citizens to use more sustainable transport systems with the introduction of congestion charging and bicycle
29
Q

What percentage of the global carbon emissions are produced by China?

A

29%

30
Q

Out of 10 how many of the world’s most polluted cities are in China?

A

7

31
Q

China produces more coal than USA, Europe and Japan combined. True/False

A

True

32
Q

How much energy did Three Gorges generate in 2014?

A

98.8 billion kWh of electricity ( equivalent to 49 million tons of coal)

33
Q

Where is the Solar plant in China?

A

Gobi Dessert

34
Q

How many homes does the solar plant in Gobi Dessert supply energy?

A

1 million

35
Q

What were the three points of China’s renewable energy law (by 2020)?

A
  • Reducing the dependency of coal from 64%-58
  • Increase dependency on nuclear energy by 1.5%
  • Increase dependency on wind by 4.5%
36
Q

How much did it cost to make the Three Gorge Dam?

A

£25 billion

37
Q

How long is the Three Gorge Dam?

A

2 km

38
Q

What is a social disadvantage of Three Gorge Dam?

A

Fisherman were forced to leave

39
Q

How much did it cost to make the solar farm in the Gobi Dessert?

A

890 $million

40
Q

What is the population expected to be by 2050?

A

10 billion

41
Q

How many years do people have to reverse climate change?

A

10-12

42
Q

Are there wind turbines in the North Sea?

A

Yes

43
Q

Define sustainability?

A

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future

44
Q

Define ecological footprint

A

The impact of a person or a community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources

45
Q

Where is an example of oil extraction?

A

Albert in west Canada

46
Q

Where is an example of HEP?

A

Brazil and Paraguay

Geography (20 decks)

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