Energetics of Key Metabolic Steps - IN Flashcards

1
Q

what is more important to determine the spontaneity of a reaction, thermodynamics or kinematics

A

thermodynamics

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2
Q

what does ΔG =

A

ΔH – TΔSsyst

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3
Q

is ΔG positive or negative for a spontaneous reaction

A

negative

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4
Q

at 25ºC what does RTln = ?

A

1.36log

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5
Q

how do you convert from kcal/mol to kjoules/mol

A

multiply by 4.18 kJ/kcal

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6
Q

what is standard state

A

when all concentrations except for H2O and H+ are 1M and the temperature is 25ºC

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7
Q

for biochemists what is standard state for ΔGº’

A

[H2O]º’ = 55.5M, [H+]º’ = 10^-7M

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8
Q

what is the equation for the free energy change for ATP hydrolysis?

A

ΔG = ΔGº’ + 1.36log ([ADP] * [Pi]) / [ATP]

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9
Q

at equilibrium what does ΔGº’ = ?

A

ΔGº’ = -1.36logK’eq

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10
Q

what is a redox reaction?

A

a transfer of electrons and protons

in bio redox reactions tend to have high activation energy necessitating a catalyst

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11
Q

what is Eº’

A

the reduction potential aka a measure of a reactions affinity for electrons. lowest reduction potential means least affinity for electrons, highest reduction potential means highest affinity for electrons

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12
Q

what does a relatively more positive standard reduction potential imply?

A

a greater affinity of the electron acceptor for the electron

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13
Q

how do you calculate the voltage difference between 2 half reactions?

A

ΔEº’ = Eº’ (electron acceptor) – Eº’ (electron donor)

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14
Q

how do you calculate ΔGº’ from ΔEº’ ?

A

ΔGº’ = nFΔEº’

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15
Q

what are the only 2 things that “I” want?

A
  1. $100 million

2. a bad bitch

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16
Q

what is the free energy change equation

A

ΔG = ΔGº’ + RTln (P)/(S)

17
Q

what is ΔH

A

enthalpy, heat in (+) or out (-), can be positive or negative for a spontaneous reaction

18
Q

what is ΔS

A

entropy, increase (+) or decrease (-) in randomness, can be pos or neg for a spontaneous reaction except universe entropy always has to increase

19
Q

what is ΔG

A

free energy - the max amount of energy that could theoretically be used to do work, ALWAYS negative for a spontaneous reaction