Energetics of Key Metabolic Steps - IN Flashcards
what is more important to determine the spontaneity of a reaction, thermodynamics or kinematics
thermodynamics
what does ΔG =
ΔH – TΔSsyst
is ΔG positive or negative for a spontaneous reaction
negative
at 25ºC what does RTln = ?
1.36log
how do you convert from kcal/mol to kjoules/mol
multiply by 4.18 kJ/kcal
what is standard state
when all concentrations except for H2O and H+ are 1M and the temperature is 25ºC
for biochemists what is standard state for ΔGº’
[H2O]º’ = 55.5M, [H+]º’ = 10^-7M
what is the equation for the free energy change for ATP hydrolysis?
ΔG = ΔGº’ + 1.36log ([ADP] * [Pi]) / [ATP]
at equilibrium what does ΔGº’ = ?
ΔGº’ = -1.36logK’eq
what is a redox reaction?
a transfer of electrons and protons
in bio redox reactions tend to have high activation energy necessitating a catalyst
what is Eº’
the reduction potential aka a measure of a reactions affinity for electrons. lowest reduction potential means least affinity for electrons, highest reduction potential means highest affinity for electrons
what does a relatively more positive standard reduction potential imply?
a greater affinity of the electron acceptor for the electron
how do you calculate the voltage difference between 2 half reactions?
ΔEº’ = Eº’ (electron acceptor) – Eº’ (electron donor)
how do you calculate ΔGº’ from ΔEº’ ?
ΔGº’ = nFΔEº’
what are the only 2 things that “I” want?
- $100 million
2. a bad bitch
what is the free energy change equation
ΔG = ΔGº’ + RTln (P)/(S)
what is ΔH
enthalpy, heat in (+) or out (-), can be positive or negative for a spontaneous reaction
what is ΔS
entropy, increase (+) or decrease (-) in randomness, can be pos or neg for a spontaneous reaction except universe entropy always has to increase
what is ΔG
free energy - the max amount of energy that could theoretically be used to do work, ALWAYS negative for a spontaneous reaction
