energetics(both) Flashcards

1
Q

what are the standard conditions?

A

100kpa
298k

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a formation reaction?

A

when one mole of a substance is formed from its constituent elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

give the formation reaction for ammonia

A

1/2N2+ 1 1/2 H2= NH3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

define enthalpy change

A

heat energychange of a reaction at constant pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the two elements that are liquid under standard condtions?

A
  • bromine
  • mercury
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how do you calculate the enthalpy change using mean bond enthalpy?

A

total energy to break bonds- total energy released from forming bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

define mean bond enthalpy

A

an average value for the bond enthlpy of a particular bond over the range of compounds it is found in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is calorimetry used for?

A

enthalpy change of combustion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the units for enthalpy change

A

KJmoldm3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what calculation is used to work out the energy from a calorimetry experiment?

A

q=mc deltaT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the different components of the q= mc delta T equation+give units

A

q= heat energy lost/gained J
m= mass of water/solution being heated
c= SHC of water g-1K-1
t=temperature change K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

100g of water was heated from 23 degrees to 57 degrees by 1.8g of ethanol. calc the energy transferred and hence the enthalpy change of the fuel

A

14212J or 14.212KJ=q
enthalpy= q/moles
enthalpy=-364.4KJmol-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what can calorimetry be used for?

A

calculating energy change from a calorimetry experiment of a solution or fuel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the units for Enthalpy?

A

KJmoldm-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is it important during RP 2 that the mixture is stirred before recording each temperature

A

Ensure all solution is at the same temperature to give an accurate reading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is hesss law?

A

the total enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the route taken

17
Q

draw the formation cycle

18
Q

draw the enthalpy of combustion cycle

19
Q

what do you do during hess’ cycles if there is reactants and products that are exactly the same and the same amount of moles

A

do not need to include these in the calculation because they will cancel each other out

20
Q

how do you check if your hess’ cycle calculations are correct?

A

go along the cycle and add all values it should add to 0

21
Q

what is the calculation for enthalpy change?

A

total energy absorbed- total energy released

22
Q

define standard enthalpy of combustion

A

the enthalpy change when 1 mole of a substance is burnt completely in oxygen with all all reactants and products in their standard states and under standard conditions

23
Q

define standard enthalpy of formation

A

enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements with all reactants and products
in their standard states under standard conditions

23
Q

define standard enthalpy change of reaction

A

the enthalpy change when a reaction occurs in molar quantities shown in the chemical equation under standard conditions with all reactants and products in their standard states

24
other than heat loss why may the enthalpy of combustion determined experimentsally be less exothermic then calculated using enthalpies of formation?
incomplete combustion, experiment not completed under SC
25
how many double bonds and single bonds do these contain: water, carbon dioxide, oxygen
water= 2 single carbon dioxide=2 double oxygen=1 double
26
what is the gibbs free energy equation
27
give the units of the aspects in gibbs free energy
gibbs free energy =Jmol-1 enthalpy chnage=jmol-1dm3 enthalpy of the system=Jk-1mol-1
28