ENDOGENOUS PROCESSESS Flashcards
Define diastrophism
The forces which have disturbed or deformed the earth’s crust, including folding, faulting, uplift and depression are known as diastrophic forces and the process is known as diastrophism
define a negative and a positive movement
The land advancing against the sea is termed as a negative movement and the sea advancing on the land is known as a positive movement.
how are fold mountains formed?
formed due to folding of sedimentary rock strata
believed that they were narrow, elongated shallows in which a lot of deposition had taken place.
low lying narrow elongated areas are called geosynclines.
The sedimentary deposits on the bed of geosynclines suffered compression which was caused by tectonic forces.
The compression led to folding of sedimentary rocks and mountains were formed.
all great mountains of the world have been formed by the process of folding and are known as fold mountains.
eg- Himalayas, The Alps
What are old fold mountains
Mountains which have been formed at an early building period is known as an old fold mountain. example - urals, appalachians
What is the oldest mountain of the world?
The Aravalli of India
what are the 6 plates according to plate tectonic theory?
american plate, eurasian plate, arican plate, antartic plate, pacific plate and australian plate
what are block mountains
formed due to fault caused by tensional forces
The land between the two parallel faults either rises forming block mountains or horsts , or subsides into a depression termed as rift valley or graben.
have flat tops, steep fault scarps and the subsided portions between paralel faults are flat bottomed.
eg- Black Forest mountain in Germany
what are volcanic mountains
the mountains formed as a result of volcanic eruptions are known as volcanic mountains. At the time of volcanic eruption lava is thrown out and deposited around the crater to form a mountain.
known as mountains of accumulation.
eg- mt uji yoma of japan, Mt. Popa
what are residual or dissected mountains
formed to erosion by different agencies such as wind, river, glacier etc.
also known as relict mountains or mountains of circumdenudation.
eg- Nilgiris, Parasnath, Rajmahal etc
