endocrinology Flashcards
what is endocrinology
study of the endocrine system (i.e., the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenals, and gonads
what are the endocrine glands responsible for
The endocrine glands are responsible for producing and secreting hormones, which influence the function of cells in certain tissues of the body
what is hormone secretion is controlled by?
hypothalamic-pituitary axis
what does the hypothalamus secrete
hormones
what are nontropic hormones
ADH, oxytocin
what are releasing hormones
TRH, CRH, GnRH
what does the anterior pituatary gland secrete
ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH
what are tropic hormone
ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH
what are gonads
ovaries in female individuals and testicles in male individuals
what are endocrine hormones
Secreted into the bloodstream to reach their targets
what are types of peptide hormones
Oxytocin
Vasopressin
Prolactin
Glucagon
Insulin
what is the function of the hypothalamus
Regulation of hormonal secretion by the anterior pituitary gland via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis
what is the function of the anterior gland
Regulation of endocrine gland function via the release of tropic hormones
what is the role of the posterior gland
storage/release of ADH and oxytocin
what is the role of acth
Stimulates adrenal glucocorticoid and androgen production
what is the target of the adrenal cortex
Adrenal cortex
what is the function of TSH
Stimulates thyroid hormone production
what is the target TSH
Thyroid gland
what is the target Gonadotropins
gonads
which hormone does the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis release
ACTH
which hormone does the Hypothalamic-somatotropic axis release
growth hormone
which hormone does the Hypothalamic-prolactin axis release
prolactin
what is the role of oxytocin
Promotes uterine contractions during labor
Facilitates milk ejection reflex
what does ADH do
increase urea reabsorption in the collecting duct
regulates blood pressure
regulates plasma osmolarity
