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Nervous System Pt 1 > Endocrine System Pt 2 > Flashcards

Endocrine System Pt 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Chemical messengers

A

Hormones

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1
Q

Affects the bodily activities by releasing chemical messengers called hormones into the bloodstream.

A

The endocrine system

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2
Q

Hormones are chemically diverse, they are grouped into what three principal classes?

A

Amines
Proteins&peptides
Steroids

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3
Q

Derived from one or two amino acids.

Exp. epinephrine , norepinephrine , thyroid hormone

A

Amines

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4
Q

Consists of three or more amino acids.

Exp. all pituitary hormones and insulin

A

Proteins and peptides

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5
Q

Derived from cholesterol.

Exp. estrogen and testosterone

A

Steroids

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6
Q

Secrete their products through ducts. They include sudoriferous, sebaceous, ceruminous, mucus, mammary, and some digestive glands

A

Exocrine glands

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7
Q

Are ductless glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid.
Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid , adrenal, pineal, thymus

A

Endocrine glands

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8
Q

Known as the “Master Gland” bc it releases several hormones, some of which control the release of other hormones.

A

Pituitary gland

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9
Q

What are the 7 hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland

A

FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, HGH, MSH, PROLACTIN

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10
Q

Stimulates the ovum and sperm production

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

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11
Q

Stimulates ovulation and production of testosterone

A

Luteinizing hormone

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12
Q

Regulates secretion by the adrenal gland

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

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13
Q

Regulates the secretion by the thyroid gland

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone

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14
Q

Stimulates protein synthesis and bone growth

A

Human growth hormone

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15
Q

Stimulates milk production

A

Prolactin

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16
Q

Stimulates melanin production

A

Melanocyte stimulating hormone

17
Q

Decreases urine production

posterior lobe of pituitary

A

Antidiuretic hormone

18
Q

Stimulates labor ( posterior lobe of pituitary gland)

A

Oxytocin

19
Q

Located in the neck, this gland secretes t3 and t4, hormones that regulates metabolism. It also secrets calcitonin, a hormone that increases calcium deposition in bone

A

Thyroid gland

20
Q

Located on either side of the thyroid glands, these glands secrete parathyroid hormone which increases levels of calcium in the blood.

A

Parathyroid glands

21
Q

Located in the chest, this gland is very active in youth, but shrinks in adults. It’s hormones are active in T cell maturation and sexual maturation.

A

Thymus gland

22
Q

Two glands, each one located on top of a kidney, they are divided into two regions- the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla

A

Adrenal glands

23
Q

Produced in the adrenal cortex- it stimulates the reabsorption of sodium and water

A

Aldosterone

24
Q

Produced in the adrenal cortex- stimulates breakdown of glucose, fat and protein; weakens the immune system and increases BP

A

Cortisol

25
Q

Produced in the adrenal cortex- secondary site of production or testosterone and estrogen

A

Androgens

26
Q

Produced in the adrenal medulla- stimulates the sympathetic nervous system producing the fight of flight response

A

Epinephrine or adrenaline

27
Q

Produced in the adrenal medulla- along with epinephrine it stimulates the fight or flight response and plays a role in ATTENTION AND FOCUS. And also serve as a neurotransmitter.

A

Norepinephrine

28
Q

Secretes melatonin which causes drowsiness

A

Pineal gland

29
Q

Located in the upper abdomen near the stomach, and is both an exocrine and endocrine gland, which secretes digestive enzymes trough ducts that enter the small intestines and also secretes two hormones

A

Pancreas

30
Q

Secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas, it allows glucose to enter the cell

A

Insulin

31
Q

Secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas, it increases blood glucose by causing the liver and the skeletal muscle to break down glycogen

A

Glucogen

32
Q

The female and male reproductive organs

A

Ovaries and testes

33
Q

Secrete estrogen, progesterone , and relaxin

A

Ovaries

34
Q

Secrete testosterone

A

Testes

35
Q

Secretes gastrin which stimulates production and secretion of gastric juices, bile and other digestive enzymes

A

Stomach

36
Q

Secrete cholecystokinin, a hormone that stimulates release of bile and pancreatic enzymes and secretin, a hormone that stimulates pancreatic release of an alkaline fluid to neutralize the stomach acid

A

Intestines

37
Q

Secretes atrial natriuretic hormone which decreases water and sodium thereby decreasing blood pressure

A

Heart

38
Q

Secretes chorionic gonadotropin which stimulates secretion and estrogen and progesterone and decreases lymphocyte activation

A

Placenta

39
Q

Secretes a hormone called leptin which inhibits appetite

A

Adipose tissue

40
Q

Vitamin d are formed in the epidermal layer of the skin

A

Skin

41
Q

Produced by cells in the kidney and the liver . Promotes production and survival or red blood cells. It’s also plays a role in the brains response to neuronal injury and in the wound healing process

A

Erythropoietin

Nervous System Pt 1 (8 decks)

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