Endocrine System Lab Guide Flashcards
Biogenic Amines
Single amino acid. Small.
Ex: NorEpi, Epi, Thyrioid Hormone
Protein Hormones
Linked chain of amines. Largest
Insulin and glucogen
Steroid hormone
Multi-ringed. Medium.
Ex: Testosterone and estrogen.
Endocrine secretion
Hormones into the blood
Exocrine secretion
Substances onto the body surface
Endocrine organs
Thymus
Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Pineal gland
Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Ovaries
Testes
Other name for anterior pituitary
adenohypophysis
Other name for post. pit.
neurohypophysis
how does the hypothalamus communicate with the posterior pituitary?
Direct neural connection
how does the hypothalamus communicate with the anterior pituitary?
Hypopphyeal portal system
Hypophyeal portal system
Connection of capillaries from the hypothalamus that deliver hormones released from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
Anterior pit
stimulus for release = TRH
Target = thyroid
effect = release TH
Follicle stimulating hormone
Anterior pit
stimulus for release = GnRH
Target = Testicles/Ovaries
effect = Egg/Estrogen in women Sperm/Testosterone in men
Luteinizing Hormone
Anterior pit
stimulus for release = GnRH
Target = Testicles/Ovaries
effect = Egg/Estrogen in women Sperm/Testosterone in men
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Anterior pit
stimulus for release = CRH
Target = Adrenal Cortex
effect = Corticosteroids
Growth Hormone
Anterior pit
stimulus for release = GHRH
Target = All cells
effect = Growth
Prolactin
Anterior pit
stimulus for release = PRH
Target = Mammary glands
effect = Milk production
Oxytocin
Posterior pit
stimulus for release = suckling breast
Target = Mammaries+uterus
effect = Milk release
Antidiuretic Hormone
posterior pit
stimulus for release = Dehydration
Target = Kidney
effect = Increases water retention
Pineal gland hormone
Melatonin (sleepy hormone)
Thyroid Hormone
Stimulus for release: TSH
Target:
Liver -> glycolysis
Adipose ->lipolysis
also increases HR + respiration
Effect: increased metabolism
Calcitonin
Stimulus for release: increased blood calcium
Target: bones and kidneys
Effects: decreased blood calcium
Cell found within the parathyroid
Chief cells
Parathyroid hormone
Stimulus for release: lowered BC
Target: Bones, Intestines and Kidneys
Effects: increased BC
what does the thymus release
thymosine
Adrenal cortex
Zona Glomerulosa
Zona Fasciculata
Zona Reticularis
Zona Glomerulosa
1st
Mineralocorticoid
Zona Fasciculata
2nd layer
Glucocorticoids
Zona Reticularis
3rd layer
Gonadocorticoid
Mineralocorticoids
Stimulus for release: ACTH
Target: Kidney
Effects: increase blood ions + Water retention
mostly aldosterone
Glucocorticoids
Stimulus for release: ACTH
Target: All cells + Liver (increase glycolysis) + Adipose (increase lipolysis)
Effects: Resist stress + repair
mostlly cortisol
Gonadocorticoid
Stimulus for release: ACTH
Target: Body hair, fat and puberty shit
Effects: Increases sex characteristics
mostly androgens
catecholamines
Stimulus for release: ACTH
Target: All Cells
Effects: + HR BP BR
Norepi and epi
Insulin
Stimulus: High Bp
Target: Liver (glycogenisis) + Adipose (lipogensis)
Effects: lower Blood sugar
Glucagon
Stimulus: Low blood sugar
target: Liver (glycolysis) + Adipose (lipolysis)
Effects: raise bp
