Endocrine System

Question 1

Chemical signals secreted by cells or glands which influence the actions of other cells within the body (chemical messenger)

Answer 1

Hormones

Question 2

Endocrine system regulates:

Answer 2

-Responses to the environment
-Growth and development
-Homeostasis
-reproduction

Question 3

_________ are released to trigger the development of secondary sex characteristics as an animal approaches adulthood

Answer 3

Sex Hormones

Question 4

_______ and _________ in insects is triggered by the release of hormones in tissues in the head

Answer 4

Molting and Metamorphosis

Question 5

neuron cells that secrete hormones rather than neurotransmitters

Answer 5

neurosecretory cells

Question 6

growth regulation is primarily controlled by the _______

Answer 6

pituitary gland

Question 7

produces the human growth hormone

Answer 7

pituitary gland

Question 8

endocrine organ that regulates blood sugar via negative feedback loop

Answer 8

pancreas

Question 9

negative feedback loops are used to maintain ________

Answer 9

homeostasis

Question 10

Have a destabilizing impact used to precipitate a particular event like childbirth

Answer 10

Positive feedback loop

Question 11

-May be on the cell surface
-may be inside a cell
-which depends on the molecular makeup of the hormone

Answer 11

Hormone Receptors

Question 12

what are the two groups of hormones

Answer 12

-hydrophilic
-hydrophobic

Question 13

can not cross cell membrane (peptides and amines)

Answer 13

Hydrophilic

Question 14

can cross cell membranes (steroids)

Answer 14

Hydrophobic

Question 15

-more abundant
-more diverse
-work in minutes to hours
-typically initiate signal cascades that activate or repress enzymes
-changes cell shape, size, division, or triggers release of another hormone

Answer 15

Amine and peptide hormones

Question 16

hormone pathways usually begin with a _________________ from the hypothalamus

Answer 16

Releasing Hormone

Question 17

Responds to sensory input by secreting releasing hormones

Answer 17

Hypothalamus

Question 18

These hormones signal anterior or posterior pituitary

Answer 18

Releasing hormones

Question 19

Forms from epithelial cells in the roof of the mouth

Answer 19

Anterior pituitary

Question 20

Forms from neural tissue at the base of the brain

Answer 20

Posterior pituitary

Question 21

The hypothalamuscontains _______cells that release hormones into the blood vessels that supply the anterior pituitary

Answer 21

Neurosecretory cells

Question 22

The hypothalamus neurosecretary cells synapse directly with what?

Answer 22

The posterior pituitary gland

Question 23

What are the hormones called that control the release of other hormones

Answer 23

Tropic hormones

Question 24

Hormones released by the anterior pituitary include

Answer 24

-TSH
-FSH
-LH
-ACTH

Question 25

Target thyroid and controls metabolism

Answer 25

TSH

Question 26

Signals gonads for sexual development

Answer 26

FSH

Question 27

Signals gonads to produce sex hormones

Answer 27

LH

Question 28

Signals adrenal glands to produce cortisol in times of stress raises blood sugar and suppresses immune function

Answer 28

ACTH

Question 29

What hormones are released by the posterior pituitary gland (these are both peptide hormones)

Answer 29

Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone

Question 30

Controls the level of calcium in the blood by signaling bone to be built or broken down

Answer 30

Parathyroid gland

Question 31

Controls circadian rhythms by secreting melatonin

Answer 31

Pineal gland

Question 32

Secretes epinephrine an norepinephrine which regulate fight, flight , freeze responses

Answer 32

Adrenal medulla