Endocrine System Flashcards
what is the endocrine system and what does it do?
The Endocrine system is a messenger system in a organism comprised of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system. The Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream. This lets the hormones travel to cells in other parts of the body. The endocrine hormones help control mood, growth and development, the way our organs work, metabolism, and reproduction.
What are the main functions of the endocrine system?
They coordinate your metabolism, growth, and development and control your emotions, mood, sexual function, and even sleep. The endocrine system makes hormones and controls how they are released.
What are the major glands that make up the endocrine system
Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroids, adrenals. Pineal, Ovaries and Testes
What is the Hypothalamus?
Hypothalamus is in the lower central part of the brain, it is the main link between the endocrine and nervous systems. The major function of the hypothalamus are preserving internal balance (homeostasis) It controls the body temperature, hunger, water balance, and sexual act. It controls the pituitary gland, either stimulates or suppresses hormonal secretions.
What is the pituitary gland?
The pituitary is a pea-sized gland at the base of the skull, attached to the hypothalamus. It is the master endocrine gland, its hormones controls other endocrine glands such as thyroids, adrenals, and reproductive glands. Endorphins secreted by the pituitary act on the nervous system and reduce pain, Two hormones secreted by the pituitary gland are the Anterior Lobe and Posterior Lobe.
What is the Pineal Gland?
The Pineal gland is in the middle of the brain, it produces two hormones: Serotonin and Melatonin, Melatonin regulates circadian rhythm (daily bodily rhythms) of the body; sleeping in the night (dark) and waking in the morning (light). Pineal gland is the “third eye.”
What is the Thyroid Gland?
The Thyroid gland is a butterfly - shaped organ at the base of the neck; it produces the thyroid hormones that controls the metabolism ( the rate at which cells burn fuels from food). This gland requires the pituitary’s help to produce thyroid hormones. The Thyroid hormone regulates vital body functions: breathing, heart rate, central and peripheral nervous systems, body weight, muscle strength, menstrual cycles, body temperature, and cholesterol levels. Improper functioning of the thyroid affects normal protein breakdown as as carbohydrates & vitamins usage.
Where is the parathyroid located and what is its functions?
Parathyroid glands are located in the neck behind the thyroid. Parathormone regulates calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood. It supports the thyroid gland functions.
What’s the function of the Adrenal Glands?
Adrenal glands are triangle in shape and are located at the top of the kidneys. Adrenal glands releases cortisol which effects defence against disease; aldosterone which effects excretion rate control. Medulla; adrenaline and noradrenaline which increases heart activity and blood flow in the response to excitement or stress.
What hormones are produced from your Ovaries?
Progesterone and Estrogen. These hormones work together to promote the healthy development of female sex characteristics during puberty and to ensure fertility.
What Hormone is produced from Testes?
Testosterone, this hormone is responsible for sex drive, fertility, and the development of muscle and bone mass.
What is the linking technique?
Linking Technique is used to balance hormones, you can link two or more endocrine reflex points at the same time. For examples - pituitary with ovaries and uterus with thyroid and ovaries help with menstrual problems or trying to conceive. Pituitary and Adrenals in case of stress, against infections and pain; Thyroid and pituitary to help with Thyroid function, metabolism and menstrual cycles.
What Non - endocrine organs also produce and release hormones?
The brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, liver and skin
Which gland is both an endocrine and exocrine gland
Pancreas
Examples of ductless glands
Pineal
Pituitary
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Hypothalamus
Adrenal
