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Systems of the body > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

How many chambers does the heart have?

A

Four. left & right Atrium, left & right Ventricle

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2
Q

Which muscular structure separates the heart into left and right

A

Septum

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3
Q

Which Major Artery exits the left ventricle and provides oxygenated blood to the body

A

Aorta

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4
Q

Which condition occurs as a result of plaque building up in the arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

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5
Q

What functions of the cardiovascular system occurs in the veins

A

Carrying blood towards the heart

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6
Q

Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle

A

Bicuspid

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7
Q

Which term can be used to describe the relaxation phase of the heart

A

Diastolic

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8
Q

How can the circulatory system promote heat retention/conservation, such as on a cold day

A

Vasoconstriction

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9
Q

A tiny blood vessel that allows for exchange between the blood and cells in the tissue in the body is called..

A

Capillary

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10
Q

Are the Atriums located below the ventricles

A

no False

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11
Q

Arteries carry blood away from the heart

A

True

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12
Q

What do red blood cells do

A

Carry oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body and transport carbon dioxide from the cells back to the lungs

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13
Q

By Volume, what is the primary component of blood

A

Water

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14
Q

Which of the following compounds transport oxygen in the blood

A

Haemoglobin is the iron containing oxygen binding compound found in red blood cells

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15
Q

Which of the following blood types may be referred to as the universal donor

A

0-

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16
Q

Which of the following promotes blood clotting

A

platelets

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17
Q

A low red blood cell count or a reduced amount of haemoglobin is called..

A

Anaemia

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18
Q

What is Leukaemia

A

Its a rare form of cancer that effects blood cells. It results in the production of large numbers of white blood cells

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19
Q

What is the function of the Pulmonary Vein

A

Transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

20
Q

What is another name for a heart attack

A

Myocardial infarction

21
Q

What is an embolism

A

When the circulating blood clot (embolus) becomes lodged in a vessel, it can completely or partially obstruct flow of blood and the result can be severe tissue damage or death

22
Q

What is the build up of plaque in the arterial wall called

A

Atherosclerosis

23
Q

What is the plaque composed of

A

Fats, Cholesterol and other substances

24
Q

what does the right ventricle do

A

The right ventricle is a chamber of the heart that pumps blood for the pulmonary circulation. blood goes from here to the lungs

25
Q

What way does blood flow on the left side of the heart

A

Blood flows from the left Atrium, through the bicuspid valve, into the left ventricle, through the aortic semilunar valve, and then into the aortic arch.

26
Q

What is also known as a mitral valve

A

Bicuspid

27
Q

Which type of blood vessel has a pulse

A

Artery

28
Q

What sort of circulatory system is the human circulatory system

A

The human circulatory system is a double circulatory system, it is called double because blood passes through the heart twice per circuit

29
Q

What is a common risk factor for heart disease

A

Being overweight

30
Q

List 3 main components of the cardiovascular system

A

Heart, Blood and Vessels

31
Q

Name 3 divisions of the cardiovascular system

A

The Coronary circuit, The Pulmonary circuit and the Systemic circuit

32
Q

Does the heart need the help of the nervous system to work

A

Yes

33
Q

Name two functions of the cardiovascular system

A

Delivery of oxygen, nutrients and other substances. Removal of waste products of cellular metabolism. It also has a role in maintaining body temperature

34
Q

What is the name of the mechanism which controls the hormone levels in the body

A

Feedback mechanism

35
Q

Name two hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

A

Prolactin - stimulates milk production, MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) - Stimulates the production and release of melanin by melanocytes in skin and hair, pituitary gonadotropins stimulate the gonads in males, the testes and in females, the ovaries.

36
Q

Name one hormone produced by the thyroid gland

A

Thyroxine T3 and T4

37
Q

Where in the foot is the Thyroid reflex point

A

Zone 1, under the big toe on both feet, between the toes and the diaphragm line

38
Q

Name two hormones secreted by the pancreas

A

insulin - lowers blood pressure in the blood Glucagon - to increase sugar levels in the blood

39
Q

Where on the foot is the pancreas

A

right foot zone 1, left foot zone 1,2,3

40
Q

Name 4 endocrine glands

A

Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Pancreas,

41
Q

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands

A

Endocrine glands are referred to as ductless as they secrete directly into the bloodstream or interstitial fluid. An exocrine gland secretes its product into a duct.

42
Q

What are the male gonads and what hormone do they secrete

A

Testes, they produce testosterone

43
Q

What is the main function of the endocrine system

A

The Endocrine system is a collection of glands that produce hormones

44
Q

Name two diseases and disorders of the Endocrine

A

Addison disease, Diabetes

45
Q

When a client has severe recurrent infections, when should the client be treated

A

In between bouts of the infections. When the infection is under control

Systems of the body (10 decks)

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