Endocrine Responses to Training Flashcards
true or false: resistance training can make hormone receptors more sensitive to anabolic factors
True
when is interaction between hormones and receptors greatest?
when exercise acutely increases the blood concentrations of hormones
what things can lower the sensitivity receptors to hormone concentration?
- Physiological function to be affected is already close to genetic maximum
- Resting hormone levels are chronically elevated due to disease or drug use
- Mistakes are made in exercise prescriptions (Overtraining etc.)
if an athlete is already near to or at their genetic max for muscle mass, what then can increase strength?
neurological changes can increase strength: for example firing rate or receptor sensitivity
why does resistance training increase muscle size particularly in men?
Acute levels of testosterone are elevated with high resistance training (especially large muscle groups). Men have much higher levels of testosterone- women do not bulk up as much because they have a fraction of the amount of T. as men
resting growth hormone levels in trained persons are increased, the same, or decreased?
the same
name three responses elicited by epinephrine and norepinephrine
1) increased force production
2) increased rate of muscle contraction (speed)
3) increased glucose breakdown and release
what 1RM percentage should you lift to optimize resistance training results?
70-85%
name the 3 main anabolic hormones
testosterone
growth hormone
insulin-like growth factor
describe variables that favor testosterone responses
high volume and long rest periods
describe variables that favor growth hormone responses
large muscle groups, high intensity and volume and short rester periods (GH responds to lactic acid)
name 3 main ways that testosterone effects the neuromuscular system
1) directly increases protein synthesis
2) increases size of pituitary gland (more GH)
3) increases size of neuron cell body
