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Y2 Strength & Conditioning > Endocrine response to Resistance training > Flashcards

Endocrine response to Resistance training Flashcards

1
Q

What does endocrine refer to?

A

relating to hormone secreting glands

The whole system is complex information signalling system - slow then nervous system but has longer lasting effects

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2
Q

How do the exo and endocrine systems differ?

A

endocrine uses glands rather than ducts

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3
Q

Hormone definition

A

a regulatory substance produce in an organism and transported to biological tissue/fluids to stimulate a specific action in cells/tissues

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4
Q

Where do endocrine hormones act?

A

travels in circulation to another part of the body

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5
Q

Where do autocrine hormones act?

A

on the cell they are produced by

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6
Q

Where do paracrine hormones act?

A

on cells adjacent to production cell

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7
Q

What is hormonal amplification?

A

hormones only being released after being triggered by another hormone

at each stage the production is amplified

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8
Q

What are the 3 forms of hormone?

A

Steroid

Peptide

Amine

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9
Q

What are steroid hormones made of and how do they work?

A

cholesterol

diffuse through cell membrane & attach to receptor within cell

eg Testosterone, Estrogens, Cortisone

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10
Q

What are peptide hormones made of and how do they work?

A

multiple amino acids

attach to receptor on cell membrane

eg insulin IGF, growth hormone

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11
Q

What are amine hormones made of and how do they work?

A

single amino acids

attach to receptor on cell membrane

eg Epinephrine, adrenaline noradrenaline

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12
Q

How do steroidal hormones work?

A

enter cell

bind to receptor in nucleus/cytoplasm

triggers mRNA formation

mRNA directs protein synthesis in cytoplasm

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13
Q

How do non-steroidal hormones work?

A

bind to receptor on cell membrane

adenylate cyclase activated within cell

cAMP formed

cAMP activates protein kinases which produce cellular changes/hormonal effects

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14
Q

Which hormones are stored and where?

A

peptides & amines stored in vesicles

steroids released once produced

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15
Q

How does cellular water increase (therefore blood water decrease) effect hormone delivery?

A

amplifies endocrine effect from blood hormones

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16
Q

How does blood flow re-distribution effect hormone delivery?

A

more hormones delivered to working muscles

^ CO increases hormone clearance from other tissues

17
Q

What % of testosterone is produced where in men?

A

95% leydig cells in testes

5% adrenals

18
Q

Where is testosterone produced in females?

A

ovaries & adrenals

Growth hormone & IGF are more important anabolic hormones

19
Q

What hormones are apparent before resistance training?

A

adrenaline and noradrenaline

20
Q

What hormones are apparent during resistance training?

A

adrenaline, noradrenaline, Growth hormone & testosterone

21
Q

What hormones are apparent after resistance training?

A

Growth hormone, testosterone, IGF-1 & insulin (nutrition mediated)

22
Q

How does testosterone work?

A

T diffuse across sarcolemma of muscle fibre

binds with receptor

hormone-receptor complex exposes transcriptional units in nucleus

23
Q

What are base testosterone levels for each gender?

A

Male 10-35 nmol.L-1

Female <3.5

24
Q

what is the acute effect of testosterone on muscle tissue?

A

stimulates neurotransmitter production & calcium release both increase force production

25
Q

Where is growth hormone secreted from?

A

Pituitary gland

26
Q

Where does GH target?

A

bone, immune cells, skeletal muscle, fat cells & liver cells

27
Q

what does GH targeting the liver do?

A

stimulates IGF production

28
Q

What are basal GH levels like in a normal day

A

pulsations throughout day highest during sleep

in women GH & exercise responses vary w/ menstrual phase

29
Q

What is the acute GH response to exercise

A

exercise (blood lactate) stimulates GH production

conc peaks after exercise

only binds with active muscles

30
Q

What does IGF-I do?

A 
^ glucose use
^ glylcogen synthesis
^ protein synthesis
stimulate cartilage
decrease lipolysis
31
Q

how can ‘anabolic hormones’ acute responses be stimulated to increase

A

Heavy resistance

large muscle group exercises

shorts rest intervals

Y2 Strength & Conditioning (9 decks)

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