Endocrine Pharm

Question 1

Somatotropin

Answer 1

GH analogue; treatment for GH deficiency

Question 2

Octreotide

Answer 2

Somatostatin analogue; works by inhibiting release of GH at pituitary level

Question 3

Pegvisomant

Answer 3

GH receptor antagonist; used for acromegaly

Question 4

Cabergoline

Answer 4

D2 receptor antagonist; used for hyperprolactonemia

Question 5

Propylthiouracil

Answer 5

Type of thioamide for hyperthyroidism; inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4; also inhibit peripheral transformation of T4 to T3

Question 6

Methimazole + adverse affect

Answer 6

Type of thioamide for hyperthyroidism; inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4; adverse effect can cause agranulocytosis (check WBC)

Question 7

What to give during thyroid storm

Answer 7

Beta blockers (Propanolol); thyroid has cardiac effects so this helps counter that

Question 8

Levothyroxine

Answer 8

Exogenous T4 replacement

Question 9

Liothyronine

Answer 9

Exogenous T3 replacement

Question 10

Glucocorticoids and relation to insulin

Answer 10

Glucocorticoids counter the effects of insulin. Lead to increase in gluconeogenesis and inhibit translocation of GLUT- 4 on skeletal muscle. Diabetgenic. More glucose available for heart and brain.

Question 11

Fludrocortisone

Answer 11

Synthetic aldosterone analogue; mineralocorticoid replacement in primary adrenal deficiency

Question 12

Glimeperide (Glypizide and Glyburide)

Answer 12

Sulfanylurea drug; blocks K+ ATP channel in beta cells and promotes insulin release. Used in Type II Diabetes where functioning beta cells are necessary

Question 13

Chlorpropramide; Tolbutamide

Answer 13

1st generation sulfanylurea drug; blocks K+ ATP channel in beta cells and promotes insulin release. Used in Type II Diabetes where functioning beta cells are necessary

Question 14

Metformin

Answer 14

Inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis; no risk of hypoglycemia; useful in new onset of Type II diabetes

Question 15

Pioglitazone

Answer 15

Binds PPAR nuclear transciption regulator. Increases sensitivity to insulin (increased glucose transporters, decrease gluconeogenesis)

Question 16

Pioglitazone (adverse effects and contraindications)

Answer 16

Contraindicated in heart failure; causes weight gain

Question 17

Exenatide

Answer 17

Synthetic GLP-1 analogue; GLP-1 functions to increase insulin secretion (glucose dependent- decreases gastric emptying) and inhibit glucagon secretion.

Question 18

Sitagliptin

Answer 18

DPP antagonist. DPP functions to break down GLP-1 (which works to increase glucose dependent insulin secretion and inhibit glucagon secretion)