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MS3 - Histopathology > Endocrine Pathology > Flashcards

Endocrine Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

A

Hypothyroidism
Autoimmune
Lymphocytic destruction of thyroid gland
F>M

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2
Q

Sx of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

A 
Myxoedema
Weight gain
Constipation
Bradycardia
Slow reflexes
Thin hair
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3
Q

Causes of hyperthyroidism

A

Graves’ disease
Multinodular goitre
Toxic adenoma
Carcinoma

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4
Q

Graves’ disease

A

Autoimmune thyroid stimulating antibodies

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5
Q

Follicular adenoma of thyroid

A

Benign euthyroid

Mx: Thyroid lobectomy

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6
Q

Types of thyroid carcinoma

A

Papillary
Follicular
Anaplastic
Medullary

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7
Q

Papillary thyroid carcinoma

A

Psammoma - epithelial cells with pale empty nuclei

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8
Q

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

A

C cells of thyroid

Secrete calcitonin

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9
Q

Causes of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Adenoma

Hyperplasia

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10
Q

Causes of secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Chronic renal failure - compensation for hypercalcaemia

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11
Q

Sestamibi scan

A

Radioactive technetium 99

Highlights hyperactive parathyroid glands

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12
Q

MEN

A

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasm

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13
Q

MEN1

A

MEN1 gene on chromosome 11q13 - tumour suppressor gene

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14
Q

Glands affected by MEN1

A

Parathyroid
Pituitary
Pancreas

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15
Q

MEN2a

A

PTH hyperplasia
Medullary carcinoma
Phaeochromocytoma

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16
Q

MEN2b

A

MEN2a + Marfanoid body/Mucosal neuroma

17
Q

Genetics of MEN2a/b

A

Mutations in RET oncogene

Chromosome 10

MS3 - Histopathology (9 decks)

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