Endocrine Glands Flashcards
Which gland is located above the kidneys and whose function is a stress response?
Adrenal glands.
Which gland produces cortisol, norepinephrine, & adrenaline?
Adrenal glands
What kind of glands produce hormones?
Endocrine glands
How are hormones transmitted?
Through the bloodstream via diffusion.
What do hormones do when they are transmitted through the bloodstream?
They bind to specific receptor sites in or on target cells.
How can one think of the hypothalamus in terms of hormones?
It is the “conductor” and liaison between the nervous and endocrine systems.
What is another role of the hypothalamus in terms of hormones?
It signals the pituitary to secret hormones and is responsible for homeostasis.
What hormones does the hypothalamus signal the pituitary to secrete?
growth hormones, oxytocin, dopamine, vasopressin
What glandular organ is located in the pelvis, and above the uterus?
The ovaries.
Which organ produces a sex hormone in response to messages from pituitary gland?
The ovaries.
What gland produces estrogen and progesterone?
The ovaries.
What glandular organ is located in the abdomen below the stomach and is responsible for maintaining blood sugar levels?
The pancreas.
What gland produces insulin and glucagon?
The pancreas.
What does the hormone insulin do?
It lowers blood sugar.
What does the hormone glucagon do?
It raises blood sugar.
What gland I behind the thyroid and responsible for blood calcium levels, bone health, muscle contraction, and nerves?
The parathyroid gland.
Where is the pineal gland?
In the brain.
What gland converts signals from the nervous system into hormones, helps with sexual development, and produces melatonin?
The pineal gland.
Which gland is located under the hypothalamus in the brain?
The pituitary gland.
How can the pituitary gland be thought of in terms of hormones?
It is like the “orchestra” of hormones or the “master gland” because it produces other hormones that control other parts of the endocrine system.
Which gland is located in the front of the neck and is responsible for cell metabolism?
The thyroid.
Which gland is behind the sternum?
The thymus glad
Which glandular organ produces androgens such as testosterone?
The testes.
