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Dent Reviewer > Endocrine and Respiratory > Flashcards

Endocrine and Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Hypophysis or master gland

A

Pituitary gland

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2
Q

Two parts of the pituitary gland

A

Adenohypophysis

Neurohypophysis

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3
Q

The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus by the..

A

Infundibular stalk

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4
Q

Secretion of the adenohypophysis

A 
GPA: B FLAT
Acidophiles:
Growth hormone
Prolactin
Basophiles:
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Luteinizing Hormone
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone
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5
Q

Chondrogenesis and protein anabolism

A

Growth Hormone/Somatotropin

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6
Q

Glycogenolysis and lipolysis

A

Growth Hormone/Somatotropin

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7
Q

Stimulates milk production in mammary gland

A

Prolactin

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8
Q

Srimulates Gametogenesis

A

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

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9
Q

Stimulates estrogen production

A

Follicle stimulating Hormone

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10
Q

Stimulates androgen-binding protein production in males

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

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11
Q

Stimulates Ovulation and formation of corpus luteum in females

A

Luteinizing hormone

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12
Q

Stimulates testosterone production in males

A

Luteinizing hormone

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13
Q

Stimulates zona fasciculata to produce cortisol

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone/corticotropin

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14
Q

Stimulates thyroid to produce t3 and t4

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone

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15
Q

Hypothalamic hormone ehich inhibits release of growth hormone

A

Somatostatin

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16
Q

Hypothalamic hormone which inhibits prolactin release

A

Dopamine/prolactin-inhibiting hormone

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17
Q

Excessive cortisol will tesult to..

A

Cushings disease

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18
Q

Deficient cortisol will result to..

A

Addisons disease

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19
Q

Excessive thyroid hormone will result to..

A

Hyperthyroidism

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20
Q

Deficient thyroid hormones will tesult to..

A

Hypothyroidism

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21
Q

This is secreted by the hypothalamus neurosecretory fells during puberty..

A

Gonadotropin releasing hormone

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22
Q

Targets sertoli cells to produce androgen binding protein

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

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23
Q

Targets leydig cells to produce testosterone

A

Luteinizing hormone

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24
Q

Testosterone binds to Androgen binding protein

A

Spermatogenesis

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25
Q

Sertoli cells produce ___ when stimulated by follice stimulating hormone

A

Androgen binding protein

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26
Q

Leydig cells produce ___ when stimulated by luteinizing hormones

A

Testosterone (androgen)

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27
Q

Is responsible for the secondary male characteristics

A

Testosterone

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28
Q

Will increase the production of estrogen

A

Granulosa cells binds to follicle stimulating hormone

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29
Q

Responsibke for primordial follicle development, secondary female characteristics, slight thickening of the endometrial lining

30
Q

Allows development of graafian follicles to corpus luteum

31
Q

Corpus luteum produces

A

Prolactin
Inhibin
Estrogen

32
Q

Main hormone for inhibiting follicle stimulating hormone

33
Q

Inhibits folkicle stimulating hormone; thickens endometrial lining and stimulates Prolactin releasing hormone

A

Progesterone and Estrogen

34
Q

Main hormone for pregnancy and menstruation

A

Progesterone

35
Q

Hormonal pills are usullay taken for how many days?

36
Q

Doesn’t secrete hormones but serve as storage for hornones secrered by the hypothalamus

A

Posterior Pituitary gland or Neurohypophysis

37
Q

What are the two hypothalamic nuclei secretory cells

A

Paraventricular nuclei

Supraoptic Nuclei

38
Q

Hormone secreted by the paraventricular nuclei

39
Q

Hormone released by the Supraoptic Nuclei

A

Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin

40
Q

Hormonefor uterine contractions

41
Q

Hormone for milk secretion

42
Q

Increases reabsorption of water in distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts, constrics arterioles increasing blood pressure

A

Antidiuretic hormone or Vasopressin

43
Q

Deficiency of anti diuretic hornone or vasopressi

A

Diabetes insipidus

44
Q

Largest endocrine gland

A

Thyroid gland

45
Q

Butterfly shape of H shape gland

A

Thyroid gland

46
Q

Connects the right and left thyroid gland

47
Q

Located below the thyroid cartilage just level of cricoid cartilage

A

Thyroid gland

48
Q

Cells of the thyroid gland

A

Follicular cells

Parafollicular cells

49
Q

Secretions of the follicular cells

A

Triiodothyronine

Thyroxine

50
Q

Secretion of the parafollicular cells

A

Calcitonin

51
Q

Increase metabolic functions of the body

52
Q

Decrease blood calcium

A

Calcitonin

53
Q

Excessive metabolic function

A

Hyperthyroidism

54
Q

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism is

A

Graves disease

Plumbers disease

55
Q

Drugs contraindicated for hyperthyroidism

A

Epinephrine

56
Q

Most common cause of hypothyroidism is

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Iodine deficiency

57
Q

Hypothyroidism in children

58
Q

Severe type of hypothyroidism

59
Q

Drugs for Hypothyroidism

A

Synfhetic thyroxine

60
Q

Found posterior to the thyroid gland; secretes parathyroid hormone

A

Parathyroid gland

61
Q

Parathyroid hormones are produced by..

A

Chief cells of the Parathyroid gland

62
Q

Increase blood calcium levels by bone resorption and increase reabsorption in DCT; increase calcitriol formation

A

Parathyroid hormone

63
Q

Severe form of Hyperparathyroidism

A

Von-recklinghausens Disease

64
Q

Features osteoporotic bone, absence of lamina dura and hypercalcemia

A

Hyperparathyroidism

65
Q

Common features of hypoparathyroidism

A

Hypocalcemia
Tetany
Chvostek sign- hypersensitive facial nerve
Trosseous sign- brachial artery compression

66
Q

Also called suprarenal glands

A

Adrenal glands

67
Q

2 regions of the Adrenal glands

A

Adrenal cortex

Adrenal medullla

68
Q

What are the zones of the Adrenal cortex

A

GFR
Zona Glomerulosa
Zona Fasiculata
Zona Reticulosa

69
Q

Zona Glomerulosa secretion

A

Aldosterone

70
Q

Zona fasciculata secretion

A

Glucocorticoids (cortisol)

71
Q

Zona Reticulosa secretions

Dent Reviewer (8 decks)

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