ENDOCRINE Flashcards
The endocrine system assist the nervous system in homeostasis and plays important role in
growth and sexual maturation
the two systems endocrine and nervous meet at the
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
What governs the pituitary?
hypothalamus
Controlled by the feedback of hormones in the body
Which system has a longer-lasting widespread effect in the body
endocrine
are chemical messengers that control the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of specific target cells
hormones
Two major groups of hormones are
steroid and non steroid
Steroid hormones
enter target cells and have a DIRECT effect on the DNA of the nucleus
Nonsteroid hormones are
protein hormones
Many protein hormones remain at the cell surface and act through a second messenger, usually a substance called
adenosine monosphate (AMP)
Most hormones affect cell activity by
altering the rate of protein synthesis
What is the main function of each gland?
to produce hormones
What are the other organs that also produce hormones?
stomach, small intestine, and kidneys
Cortisol
released from the adrenal cortex
reduces inflammation, raise blood sugar, and inhibit the release of histamine
Pituitary gland
mater gland
connected to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum
anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) and posterior lobe (neurohypophysis)
Hormones of the adenohypophysis are called
tropic hormones, because they act mainly on other endocrine glands
