CIRCULATORY

Question 1

Percentage of blood composition

Answer 1

55% plasma

45% of formed elements: erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets

Question 2

All of the formed elements are produced from

Answer 2

the stem cells in the red bone marrow

Question 3

Characteristics of Blood:

Answer 3

sticky, opaque
ruby red- scarlet color
7.35- 7.45 pH
38 degrees Celsius
5-6L males 4-5L females

Question 4

Erythrocytes:

Answer 4

biconcave shape
97% hemoglobin, deliver oxygen
anaerobic respiration ,do not use o2
anucleate

Question 5

RBC percentage

Answer 5

hematocrit

Question 6

Leukocytes:

Answer 6

complete cells
important role in the immune system
Agranulocytes and Granulocytes
active in phagocytosis

Question 7

Agranulocytes include

Answer 7

lymphocytes T&B immune system

monocytes (macrophages)

Question 8

Granulocytes include

Answer 8

neutrophils (bacterial slayer)
eosinophiils (parasitic worms)
basophils (rarest, histamine)

Question 9

Platelets:

Answer 9

cell fragments

key role in clotting formation

Question 10

Glycoproteins and glycolipids markers are called ( what we have)

Answer 10

antigens and agglutinogens

Question 11

The XXXXX act against RBC’s carrying ABO antigens that we do not have

Answer 11

antibodies and agglutinins

Question 12

PATHWAY OF THE DOUBLE PUMP HEART:

Answer 12

superior & inferior vena cava & coronary sinus
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
right ventricle
pulmonary SL valve
Pulmonary trunk
lung
Pulmonary veins
left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Aortic SL valve
Aorta
Body

Question 13

Blood is supplied to the hear by

Answer 13

coronary arteries

Question 14

The heart has an intrinsic beat initiate by the

Answer 14

sinoatrial node

Question 15

the period from the end of one ventricular contraction to the end of the next ventricular contraction

Answer 15

the cardiac cycle

Question 16

the contraction phase of the cycle

Answer 16

systole

Question 17

the relaxation phase of the cycle

Answer 17

diastole

Question 18

The vascular system includes

Answer 18

arteries (away from the heart)
veins (toward the heart)
capillaries (exchange, smallest vessels)

Question 19

the smallest arteries are called

Answer 19

arterioles

Question 20

Layers of the Vessels

Answer 20

tunica intima (endothelial lining)
tunica media (smooth muscle)
tunica externa (collagen fibers)

Question 21

Wall of arteries:

Answer 21

thick and elastic

high pressure

Question 22

Walls of veins:

Answer 22

thinner and less elastic

low pressure

Question 23

What results from the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles in the arterial walls?

Answer 23

vasoconstriction and vasodilation

Question 24

True or False: The ECG reflects the systole and diastole of the heart chambers.

Answer 24

False: they represent the electrical activity that precedes the contraction-relaxation of the myocardium

Question 25

Order of Electrical Events:

Answer 25

``` Sinoatrial node (pacemaker) Atrioventricular node Atrioventricular (bundle of HIS) right and left branches purkinje fibers ```