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250-S1 > Endocrine 2- Attack of the Hormones > Flashcards

Endocrine 2- Attack of the Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

What is the adenohypophysis?

A

Anterior pituitary

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2
Q

What is the neurohypophysis?

A

Posterior pituitary

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3
Q

How is the anterior pituitary connected to the hypothalamus? What is this system called?

A

Blood connection- The Hypothalamus is connected to the anterior pituitary by a network of capillaries called the Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal Portal System

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4
Q

How is the posterior pituitary connected to the hypothalamus? What composes this connection?

A

Neural connection: a direct neural connection, cell bodies of neurons are located in hypothalamus, axons and axon terminals in posterior pituitary

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5
Q

What is the name of the stalk of the pituitary?

A

Infundibulum

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6
Q

What is the relationship between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary?

A

The Hypothalamus secretes hormones which regulate the anterior pituitary
Releasing Hormones: increase release/secretion of anterior pituitary hormones
Inhibiting Hormones: decrease release/secretion of anterior pituitary hormones

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7
Q

What is the relationship between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary?

A

The Hypothalamus produces hormones that are stored and released by the posterior pituitary

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8
Q

What hormones are stored in the post. pituitary?

A

ADH/vasopressin

Oxytocin

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9
Q

What is the target, function, and regulation of ADH?

A

Target: kidneys, arterioles
Function:
conserve water by preventing water release into urine
contract arteriole smooth muscle (vasoconstriction) to increase blood pressure
Regulation: osmoreceptors in hypothalamus, atrial (heart) blood volume receptors

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10
Q

What is the target, function, and regulation of Oxytocin?

A

Target: uterus, mammary glands, brain
Function:
stimulate uterine contraction during childbirth
promote milk release during breastfeeding
maternal behavior, bonding, attachment
Regulation: birth canal reflexes

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11
Q

What are the 7 hormones that the hypothalamus releases to control the anterior pituitary?

A

Thyrotropin- releasing hormone (TRH)
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Prolactin Releasing hormone (PRH)
Dopamine/Prolactin Inhibiting Hormone (PIH)
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH)
Somatostatin/Growth Hormone Inhibiting Hormone (GHIH)

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12
Q

What are the hormones released by the anterior pituitary?

A

FLAT PEG

FSH- Follicle stimulating hormone
LH- Lutenizing hormone
ACTH- Arenocorticotropic hormone
TSH- Thyroid stimulating hormone
PRL- Prolactin
E- Endorphines
GH- Growth hormone
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13
Q

What is a tropic hormone?

A

regulate growth and activity of other endocrine glands

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14
Q

What is the target and function of growth hormone?

A

Target: bone and soft tissues, liver
Function: growth, protein metabolism, fat breakdown, blood glucose increase

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15
Q

What is the target and function of TSH?

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone
Target: thyroid gland
Function: stimulate T3 & T4 production

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16
Q

What is the target and function of ACTH?

A

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Target: adrenal cortex
Function: stimulate cortisol secretion

17
Q

What is the target and function of FSH?

A

Folicle stimulating hormone
Target: ovaries, testes
Function: ovarian follicle maturation, estrogen secretion, sperm production

18
Q

What is the target and function of LH?

A 
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Target: ovaries, testes
Function: ovulation, estrogen & progesterone secretion, testosterone secretion
19
Q

What is the target and function of PRL?

A

Prolactin (PRL)
Target: mammary glands
Function: breast development, milk secretion

20
Q

What is the endocrine “chain of command”

A 
Hypothalamus
releasing or inhibiting hormones
Anterior Pituitary
tropic hormones
Peripheral Endocrine Gland
hormones
Target Cells
change in homeostatic factors

250-S1 (44 decks)

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