Endocrine

Question 1

endocrine system regulated by

Answer 1

feedback loops

Question 2

all animals use ____

Answer 2

endocrine signals

Question 3

where are chemical signals carried

Answer 3

body fluids

Question 4

gland definition

Answer 4

organ/tissue responsible for synthesis and secretion of cellular products

Question 5

endocrine definition

Answer 5

secretion of material into extracellular spaces or blood vessels

Question 6

hormone

Answer 6

signaling molecule secreted by endocrine cells
regulates physiology, behavior, development

Question 7

exocrine

Answer 7

secretion of material onto a body surface or into a duct

Question 8

non-steroid hormones

Answer 8

cannot pass through membrane by simple diffusion

Question 9

hormones binding to plasma membrane are derived from ___

Answer 9

amino acids

Question 10

fast hormones

Answer 10

bind to plasma membrane receptors

Question 11

slow hormones

Answer 11

bind to intracellular receptors

Question 12

hormones binding to inside of cell are ___

Answer 12

lipids derived from cholesterol

Question 13

hormones produced in a synthesis pathway can ___

Answer 13

act as a hormone or neurotransmitter

Question 14

where are hydrophilic hormones stored

Answer 14

secretory vesicles

Question 15

diversity of steroids made from ___

Answer 15

cholesterol

Question 16

what regulates hormone levels in blood/fluid

Answer 16

homeostatic feedback loops
altering rate of hormone synthesis or secretion

Question 17

endocrine messengers produced by:

Answer 17

all tissues

Question 18

body fluids

Answer 18

are a soup of messengers

Question 19

what cells will respond to a hormone

Answer 19

only cells with the specific receptor

Question 20

what produces steroid hormones

Answer 20

only adrenal glands and sex organs

Question 21

hypothalamus

Answer 21

control center of endocrine system, acts through pituitary gland

Question 22

posterior pituitary

Answer 22

nervous tissue that stores and secretes hypothalamus hormones

Question 23

anterior pituitary

Answer 23

glandular tissue that produces and secretes its own hormones

Question 24

TRH

Answer 24

TSH releasing hormone

Question 25

TSH

Answer 25

thyroid-stimulating hormone

Question 26

thyroxine

Answer 26

increases metabolic rate

Question 27

growth hormones

Answer 27

promotes protein synthesis and use of body fat for energy
promotes development and enlargement of all body parts

Question 28

thyroid gland

Answer 28

multifunctional role in body function and homeostasis
produces T4 and T3

Question 29

people with an iron deficiency

Answer 29

hypothyroidism (enlargement of thyroid)

Question 30

acute response

Answer 30

almost immediate
due to activation of sympathetic division

Question 31

chronic response

Answer 31

delayed response by few minutes
due to activation of hypothalamo-pituitary axis

Question 32

acute phase

Answer 32

-prepares body for immediate survival
-prolongs body response in flight or fight response
-adrenal gland secretes two hormones (epinephrine & norepinephrine) when sympathetic NS is max active

Question 33

chronic phase

Answer 33

prepares body to cope with stress over long time
cortisol or corticosterone
response from minutes to days

Question 34

sex hormones produced by:

Answer 34

gonads (ovaries, testes) and adrenal glands

Question 35

estrogens

Answer 35

maintain female reproductive system, development of female features

Question 36

progestins

Answer 36

prepare uterus to support embryo

Question 37

androgens

Answer 37

stimulate embryo to become male, maintain male reproductive system

Question 38

sex hormones regulated by:

Answer 38

hypothalamus and anterior pituitary