End of Year Exam Review Period 2

Question 1

an account by someone who witnessed an event; examples include: letters, diaries, court documents, etc.

Answer 1

primary source

Question 2

Rivers, valleys, mountains, and deserts are examples of

Answer 2

physical features

Question 3

Early people would look for a location near enough __________________ and ________________ as they decided where to settle.

Answer 3

food, water

Question 4

Farming allowed people to build permanent ______________.

Answer 4

settlements

Question 5

List three materials that people used to make clothing and cloth.

Answer 5

wool, plant fibers, animal skins

Question 6

What was the Law of the Twelve Tables?

Answer 6

Rome’s first written law code

Question 7

_______ were built around cities to protect the inhabitants from attack.

Answer 7

walls

Question 8

an account of an event created by someone who did NOT witness the event; examples include textbooks and encyclopedia articles

Answer 8

secondary source

Question 9

Societies with many natural _____________ could build cities and armies and develop trade.

Answer 9

resources

Question 10

Using large animals greatly improved the ability of people to __________, which increased their chances of survival.

Answer 10

farm

Question 11

Despite the growth of cities, Mesopotamian society was still based on ___________.

Answer 11

agriculture

Question 12

The army of __________ defeated all the city-states of Sumer and conquered northern Mesopotamia.

Answer 12

Sargon

Question 13

A king known as ___________ became a legendary figure in Sumerian literature.

Answer 13

Gilgamesh

Question 14

Sumerians believed that the ________ could bring a good harvest or a terrible flood.

Answer 14

gods

Question 15

Menes wore a double crown to symbolize ____________.

Answer 15

his rule over Upper and Lower Egypt

Question 16

Why did the Egyptians fill tombs with art, jewelry, and other treasures?

Answer 16

for the afterlife

Question 17

Pyramids are ________ that were built for the ________.

Answer 17

tombs, pharaohs

Question 18

a series of rulers from the same family

Answer 18

dynasty

Question 19

Ramses the Great is remembered as a great ___________ and a great ___________.

Answer 19

warrior, builder

Question 20

What did Shi Huangdi do that shows he was a follower of legalism?

Answer 20

created strict laws and harsh punishments

Question 21

What was the effect of all people in China using the same coins and the same writing system?

Answer 21

trade became easier

Question 22

Why did Shi Huangdi have the Great Wall of China built?

Answer 22

protection from invaders

Question 23

“Rule of the people” describes which type of government?

Answer 23

democracy

Question 24

Name the type of government that started in Athens.

Answer 24

democracy

Question 25

Explain why it was not possible for most juries to come to a tie.

Answer 25

odd number of members

Question 26

What is the name for the type of democracy that allows citizens to directly participate in the government?

Answer 26

direct democracy

Question 27

What did lyric poets do while reciting their poems?

Answer 27

played the lyre

Question 28

Name the leader who founded (started) the Persian Empire.

Answer 28

Cyrus the Great

Question 29

Why was Darius angry with the Greeks?

Answer 29

they aided a rebellion

Question 30

What were Spartan boys trained to be?

Answer 30

soldiers

Question 31

Why did Spartan women have some rights and freedoms that other Greek women didn’t have?

Answer 31

men often away at war

Question 32

What is the name of Philip’s son who took over as leader after Philip’s death?

Answer 32

Alexander

Question 33

Why did Alexander stop expanding the empire into India?

Answer 33

soldiers were tired

Question 34

What was the cause of Alexander’s death?

Answer 34

sickness

Question 35

What is the name of the famous building that was built on the Athenian acropolis?

Answer 35

Parthenon

Question 36

What did philosophers believe the human mind could do?

Answer 36

think, explain, understand life

Question 37

Name the group of people who challenged the idea that the actions of gods and goddesses caused events in the world.

Answer 37

philosophers

Question 38

What stops one part of government from having more power than the others?

Answer 38

checks and balances

Question 39

At first, Rome’s laws weren’t written down. Why were people unhappy about it?

Answer 39

didn't want to break laws they didn't know about

Question 40

Where was the Law of the Twelve Tables displayed?

Answer 40

Forum

Question 41

What is the name for the series of wars between Rome and Carthage?

Answer 41

Punic Wars

Question 42

Explain how arches allow structures to last for a long time.

Answer 42

strong

Question 43

What was the main purpose of Roman roads?

Answer 43

military use

Question 44

Before burying their dead, the Egyptians would preserve the bodies as __________.

Answer 44

mummies

Question 45

When was King Tutankhamen’s tomb discovered and why is it important?

Answer 45

1922, it wasn't robbed

Question 46

What was the Hebrew’s religion called?

Answer 46

Judaism

Question 47

the belief in one god

Answer 47

monotheism

Question 48

people who are said to receive messages from God to share with others

Answer 48

prophets

Question 49

Philip was able to defeat the Greeks because the Greeks refused to ____________ to fight against Philip.

Answer 49

join together

Question 50

What did the plebeians do that caused the patricians to change the government?

Answer 50

formed a council and elected their own officials

Question 51

After the Gracchus brothers were killed, Romans began to see that _________ could be used as a __________.

Answer 51

violence, political weapon

Question 52

Hindus belief that if a person has good _________, they will be born into a higher caste in the next life.

Answer 52

karma

Question 53

Many people from the lower classes liked the Buddha because he was opposed to the __________________.

Answer 53

caste system

Question 54

people who work to spread their religious beliefs

Answer 54

missionaries

Question 55

The Zhou kings believed that ________ gave them the power to rule.

Answer 55

heaven

Question 56

Which Chinese belief system taught that it was important to live in harmony with nature?

Answer 56

Daoism

Question 57

Because silk was popular in Rome, China became __________.

Answer 57

wealthy

Question 58

Name the philosopher who wanted Romans to support the Senate.

Answer 58

Cicero

Question 59

After Pompey asked Caesar to give up power, Caesar led his army across the Rubicon River into ___________.

Answer 59

Italy

Question 60

The agora was a marketplace that was also used for ____________ and ____________ meetings.

Answer 60

political, religious

Question 61

Why did the Spartans think it was important for women to be strong and healthy?

Answer 61

to have strong, healthy children

Question 62

Italy is surrounded by water on three sides so it is a ____________.

Answer 62

peninsula

Question 63

Who was the first ruler to have a permanent army?

Answer 63

Sargon

Question 64

Priests were important in Sumerian society because Sumerians believed they could communicate with the ___________.

Answer 64

gods

Question 65

How long ago was the year 300 BC?

Answer 65

2317 years ago

Question 66

Menes united the two kingdoms that were called __________ Egypt and _________ Egypt.

Answer 66

Upper, Lower

Question 67

List the natural barriers that protected Egypt from invaders.

Answer 67

deserts, cataracts, seas

Question 68

What was the occupation (job) of 80% of Egyptians?

Answer 68

farmer

Question 69

Egypt conquered Kush and controlled it for many years. How did this affect Kushite culture?

Answer 69

It became more like Egyptian culture.

Question 70

Define scribe.

Answer 70

writer

Question 71

What was discovered in 1799 that allowed scholars to understand hieroglyphics?

Answer 71

Rosetta Stone

Question 72

What did the Egyptians believe happened to a person’s ka after the person died?

Answer 72

became a spirit

Question 73

Cincinnatus was a farmer who became Rome’s most famous ______________.

Answer 73

dictator

Question 74

According to legend, the first king of Rome was ____________.

Answer 74

Romulus

Question 75

The part of the Christian Bible that tells about Jesus is called the ___________________.

Answer 75

New Testament