Chapter 3

Question 1

Crops grew well in Mesopotamia because

Answer 1

farmland was fertile and water was nearby

Question 2

Mesopotamia means “the land between the rivers”. Which two rivers is it between?

Answer 2

Tigris and Euphrates

Question 3

What job did most Sumerians have?

Answer 3

farmer

Question 4

Where did most Sumerians live?

Answer 4

countryside (rural) areas

Question 5

Why did city-states fight over farmland?

Answer 5

They wanted to have enough farmland to grow food

Question 6

Sargon was able to establish the world’s first empire because he was the first ruler to have a

Answer 6

permanent army

Question 7

Enheduanna is most famous for

Answer 7

being the world’s first known author

Question 8

What did city-states build to protect themselves from attack?

Answer 8

walls

Question 9

Nebuchadnezzar is most famous for building the

Answer 9

hanging gardens

Question 10

Phoenician ships sailed on the _______________ Sea.

Answer 10

Mediterranean

Question 11

Carthage was the most famous Phoenician _________.

Answer 11

colony

Question 12

The world’s first civilization was developed by a people called the ____________.

Answer 12

Sumerians

Question 13

Name the king who became a legendary figure in Sumerian literature.

Answer 13

Gilgamesh

Question 14

Who did the Sumerians believe could cause both good and bad events to occur?

Answer 14

the gods

Question 15

Craftspeople, merchants, and traders were at which rank in the Sumerian social hierarchy? (top, second, third, bottom)

Answer 15

third

Question 16

Kings were at which rank in the Sumerian social hierarchy? (top, second, third, bottom)

Answer 16

top

Question 17

Farmers, laborers, and slaves were at which rank in the Sumerian social hierarchy? (top, second, third, bottom)

Answer 17

bottom

Question 18

Priests were at which rank in the Sumerian social hierarchy? (top, second, third, bottom)

Answer 18

second

Question 19

Who was at the top of the Sumerian social hierarchy?

Answer 19

kings

Question 20

The second rank of the Sumerian social hierarchy included nobles and _____________.

Answer 20

priests

Question 21

What was the most important Sumerian invention?

Answer 21

the wheel

Question 22

City-states wanted to have enough farmland to grow food so they would ___________ over farmland.

Answer 22

fight

Question 23

Who was the first ruler to have a permanent army?

Answer 23

Sargon

Question 24

Who was the world’s first know author?

Answer 24

Enheduanna

Question 25

Why were walls built around city-states

Answer 25

to protect them from attack

Question 26

Who build the famous hanging gardens of Babylon?

Answer 26

Nebuchadnezzar

Question 27

The most famous Phoenician colony was

Answer 27

Carthage