EMS

Question 1

what two things make EMS

Answer 1

insulin dysregulation and HAL

Question 2

what predisposes horses to EMS

Answer 2

genetics, husbandry, obesity, +- stress/pregnancy/starvation

Question 3

what causes insulin dysregulation

Answer 3

chronic inflammation from fat causes hyperinsulinemia and then tissue resistance

Question 4

what are the three pathophys things that occur in EMS

Answer 4

resting hyperinsulinemia, post prandial hyperinsulinemia, and tissue resistance to the insulin

Question 5

why do we care about EMS

Answer 5

laminitis. associated with hyperinsulinemia -HAL

Question 6

how to diagnose EMS

Answer 6

resting insulin test

oral sugar test

tissue insulin resistance -not commonly done

Question 7

what is the management

Answer 7

weight loss and exercise
baseline radiographs

Question 8

what diet does the EMS horse need

Answer 8

little to no concentrates -<10%
decreased turnout
feed forage
low sugar vitamins and minerals

Question 9

what does laminitis look like

Answer 9

concavity of hoof wall, divergent hoof rings, widened white lines, foot radiographs with bone rotation

Question 10

how is HAL laminitis different than other laminitis

Answer 10

HAL has stretch of epithelial cells first then disruption of the basement membrane