EMQ Examples 2

Question 1

Normal Na + K, high Ca, low phosphate, normal PTH

Answer 1

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 2

Normal Na + K, low Ca, normal phosphate, very high PTH

Answer 2

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

Question 3

Low sodium, high potassium, slightly high calcium, normal phosphate, normal PTH

Answer 3

Addison’s

Question 4

Joint pain, positively birefringent crystals

Answer 4

Pseudogout

Question 5

What is Lesch-Nyhan syndrome?

Answer 5

A syndrome that affects males, characterised by neurological and behavioural abnormalities + overproduction of uric acid - gout.

Question 6

What is osteomalacia?

Answer 6

Softening of bones caused by inadequate levels of phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D - inadequate bone mineralisation

Secondary hyperparathyroidism in an effort to raise calcium.

Question 7

Isolated hypernatraemia with polyuria + polydipsia

Answer 7

Diabetes insipidus

Question 8

How does Paget’s disease cause conductive deafness?

Answer 8

Paget’s disease of the ossicles - cannot amplify sound

Question 9

How does Paget’s disease cause nerve deafness?

Answer 9

Paget’s disease of the skull can compress the 7th cranial nerve