Emotions and attachments

Question 1

What classifies Basic emotions and what are they?

Answer 1

Universal and distinguishable on both a behavioral and neurophysiological level

Happiness
fear
Anger
Surprise
Disgust
sadness

Question 2

how are emotional states observed in infants?

Answer 2

Through facial expressions, gestures and vocalization

Question 3

What is an attachment?

Answer 3

a genetically preprogrammed process where children develop a relationship with someone and select that person as a source of security and protection when experiencing danger.

multiple people can be selected

Question 4

what are the phases of developmental attachment?

Answer 4

1. Pre.attachment -> 12 weeks
2. Attachment in the making -> 6-8 months
3. clear-cut attachment -> 18m
4. formation of a reciprocal relationship - > after step 3

Question 5

What is the internal working model?

Answer 5

the framework that we establish with our primary caregiver with questions like:

Am i worthy of love?
Are others available and interested in me?
Will others help, protect and support me?

builds into our knowledge and expectation that we use to understand ourselves and others

Question 6

What are the attachment styles?

Answer 6

Secure attachment (secure and organized)
Avoidant attachment (insecure and organized)
Ambivalent/resistant attachment (insecure and organized)
Disorganized/disoriented attachment (insecure but disorganized)

Question 7

How are secure and insecure attachment styles separated?

Answer 7

the distinction is if the child thinks the caretaker can provide protection when needed

Question 8

How are organized and disorganized attachment styles separated?

Answer 8

the distinction is in how the care behavior is expressed. if its consistent than its organized, if the care person elicits conflicting emotions a strategy cant develop and it becomes disorganized

Question 9

What can we expect the internal working model of a child with secure attachment to look like?

And what is the child’s knowledge?

Answer 9

feels safe in interpersonal relationships

Has positive self-esteem and self-image
(built through supported exploration)

Feels loved and worthy of love

Certain that the attachment person is available as a secure base

Question 10

What can we expect the internal working model of a child with Avoidant attachment to look like?

And what is the child’s knowledge?

Answer 10

feels unaccepted and rejected as expressed emotional needs have been disregarded.

low trust for adults

independent

learnt to be independent, cant depend on attachment person for anything.

Question 11

What can we expect the internal working model of a child with Ambivalent attachment to look like?

And what is the child’s knowledge?

Answer 11

feels insecure and anxious, dependent on others as everything feels fearful. needs reassurance as availability of others is expected to be inconsistent

wants to keep close proximity, knows they can not influence the care given from attachment person

Question 12

What can we expect the internal working model of a child with Disorganized attachment to look like?

And what is the child’s knowledge?

Answer 12

No functioning model, the patterns are to irregular to follow properly for the child

The child has no idea how to ensure that their security needs are met. can manifest as weird behavior (laugh cry)