Adult development

Question 1

What are the stages in Schaie’s theory of cognitive development?

Answer 1

Acquisitive stage: Child hood and adolescence
information and skill learning for their own sake

Achieving stage: Late teens -> early 20/30s
use what they know to become competent and independent

Responsible stage: Late 30
Now that you are competent and important you have to deal with harder stuff

Executive stage: 30/40 -> middle age
this stage is not a certanty but can happen if you become responsiple for your social systems

Reintegrative stage (late adulthood)
take a step back and look at your life, devoting energy to tasks you find fufilling

Question 2

How does memory hold up to aging?

Answer 2

Episodic memory:
one of the first to show signs of age related decline

Semantic memory:
Older adults preform equal to younger

Procedural memory: relatively unaffected

Prospective memory: older adults preform better than younger

Question 3

Explain the paradox of functionality in adulthood

Answer 3

competence in cognitively demanding activities despite documented decline in various areas

well established brain surgeon but has a hard time tying their shoes and learning new languages

Question 4

What is compensation?

Answer 4

mechanisms through which an individual may continue to preform difficult/ complex skills despite some loss in relevant abilities

Investing more time and effort
Substitution
selection and optimization
adjust goals and criteria

Question 5

Erikson describes three distinct stages of adulthood, which?

Answer 5

Intimacy vs isolation
Generativity vs stagnation
Integrity vs despair

Question 6

Socioemotional selectivity theory says what?

Answer 6

people strategically and adaptively cultivate their social networks to maximize social and emotional gains and minimize risk

Question 7

Convoys of social relationship theory says what?`

And what is one of these convoys?

Answer 7

social support -> individual wellbeing -> through both direct effects and ability to moderate the effects of stress

Convoy: set of people who a person relies on for support and that relies on them for the same.

Question 8

What are the psychosocial health results of losing a spouse?

Answer 8

Detrimental, its often followed by poor psychosocial health even in the long run

Question 9

What is the wear and tear theory?

Answer 9

a theory of aging that defines aging as a consequence of the body getting worn down by use

Question 10

What is the Preprogrammed/ genetic theory?

Answer 10

a theory of aging that states physical aging as something determined by genetics.

Question 11

Kubler ross stages of dying. name the stages

Answer 11

at least two of the stages are experienced by all

Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance

Question 12

What are two successful aging theories?

Answer 12

Disengagement theory and activity theory

Question 13

What is Disengagement theory?

Answer 13

Successful aging involves gradual retreat and withdrawal from activities. its a natural process

Question 14

what is Activity theory?

Answer 14

successful aging involves maintaining interest in activities in late adulthood

Never grow up, just grow wider

Question 15

What are some elements needed for successful aging?

Answer 15

Good physical health
retaining cognitive abilities and productive activities