Emotions

Question 1

Emotions can be seen as combination of what

Answer 1

• subjective perceptions (conscious and unconscious) + energy
• emotions are brain/body reactions to situations we experience

Question 2

Emotion components (3)

Answer 2

1- subjective thought/ experience (cognitive appraisal)
2- accompanying patterns of neural activity and physical arousal (psychological arousal)
3- observable behavioral expression (emotional facial expression)

Question 3

Emotional states

Answer 3

• transitory, depend more on situation than specific person

Question 4

Emotional traits

Answer 4

• pattern of emotional reactions that a person consistently experiences across a variety of life situations

Question 5

Two pathways for processing fear

Answer 5

• low road (unconscious processing) (sensory cortex “command central”)
• high road (conscious processing) (thalamus: senses fear, amygdala: sounds the alarm)

Question 6

Autonomic Response

Answer 6

• ANS involved in emotional responding
• sympathetic division (prepares body to respond to stress)
• parasympathetic division (restores body to normal conditions)

Question 7

James-Lange Theory of Emotions

Answer 7

• subjective experience of fear follows physiological response
• event, physical response, emotion
• feel afraid bc we tremble

Question 8

Cannon- Bard Theory of Emotions

Answer 8

• Walter Cannon and Philip Bard disagree with James-Lange Theory
• their theory feeling of emotion occurs at same time as physiological arousal
• one does not cause the other

Question 9

Two-Factor Theory of Emotion

Answer 9

• many emotions can elicit physiological arousal
• Schachter and Singer suggests our interpretation of y were aroused that creates emotional experience
• cognitive aspects play a role
• emotions are a combination of arous

Question 10

Paul Ekman’s Research

Answer 10

• he extensively researched emotions
• found 6 basic universal facial expressions (anger, disgust, fear, sadness, surprise, enjoyment)
• his research shows strong evidence contempt is seventh emotion

Question 11

Plutchik’s Prinary Emotions

Answer 11

• emotional reactions to a situation or external events, do not require introspection or self-reflection
• sadness, fear, shame, anger, joy

Question 12

Plutchik’s Secondary Emotions

Answer 12

• what an individual feels about the felling itself, dependent on sense of self and awareness of other peoples reactions
• anxiety, irritation, aggression, rage, hopelessness

Question 13

Differentiate between primary and secondary emotions

Answer 13

• emotion is direct reaction to external event (primary)
• emotion becoming more intense overtime (secondary)
• complex emotion (secondary)