Emotional Well-being and exercise

Question 1

Def: Emotional Well-being

Answer 1

• A greater amount of positive than negative affect
• Favorable thoughts
• Satisfaction with life

Question 2

Affect

Answer 2

Primitive reflex
- valenced feeling state
- Pleasure vs displeasure
- No cognitive appraisal

Question 3

Emotion

Answer 3

Response following cognitive appraisal
- Short-lived, temporary
- Intense, variable, specific to stimulus

Question 4

Mood

Answer 4

Subjective states with cognitive basis
- Longer lasting
- Broader, sometimes unspecific causes
- less intense as emotions

Question 5

Generalized measures for affect, emotion and mood

Answer 5

• Profile of Mood States (POMS)
• Positive and Negative Affect schedule (PANAS)

Question 6

Profile of Mood States

Answer 6

• Most popular self-report instrument of mood
• 6 Mood states
• Can examine mood changes in response to exercise manipulations

Question 7

Positive and Negative Affect Schedule

Answer 7

• Provides measures of positive and negative affect
• ## Measures only high-activation states like excitement or nervousness

Question 8

Criticisms of generalized measures

Answer 8

Not sensitive enough to exercise stimuli
- irrelevant items
- POMS = 6 states
Existing measures fail to detect unique properties of exercsie

Question 9

Exercise specific Measures

Answer 9

• Exercise-induced feeling inventory
• Subjective Exercise Experience Scale
• Physical Activity Affect Scale
• Feeling Scale

Question 10

Feeling Scale

Answer 10

• Single-item measure of valence or hedonic tone
• 11-point continuum
• Can be used during exercise

Question 11

Criticisms of Exercise-specific Measures

Answer 11

• Each was initially developed in the absence of a guiding theoretical framework
• EFI, SEES and PAAS did not satisfactorily address the concerns that led to their development

Question 12

Issues related to study of exercise-related Affect

Answer 12

• Categorical vs dimensional approaches
• Dose-response issues
• Temporal dynamics of affective response

Question 13

Categorical Approaches

Answer 13

• Affective states are distinct with unique properties and antecedents
• Exercise may reduce one state but not others

Question 14

Dimensional Approaches

Answer 14

• Affective states are interrelated and can be captured by a small number of dimensions
• Dimensional approaches are broader in scope

Question 15

Temporal dynamics of affective response

Answer 15

Affect experienced during exercise may be distinct from the change reported before and after
- Has implications for exercise prescription and exercise adherence

Question 16

Dose-Response Issues

Answer 16

• What duration is ideal ( some say 20-30 but lack of evidence)
• How intense should the exercise be (some say moderate
• Individually determined metabolic landmarks may have implications for the relationship between exercise intensity and affective responses

Question 17

What can maladaptive overtraining lead to

Answer 17

• increased negative mental health
• poorer performance
• Clinical depression
• Changes in psychological profile

Question 18

Iceberg Profile

Answer 18

• Psychological profile of the elite athlete
• POMS Profile
• Can be reversed with extreme overtraining
• Treatment = decreased training load