Emotional Development

Question 1

Emotions

Answer 1

complex reactions to environment

Question 2

What do emotions involve?

Answer 2

subjective feeling, emotional expression, desire to take action, environment, physiological response, cognition

Question 3

Discrete Emotions Theory

Answer 3

theory that emotions are innate, tied to body/facial reactions and that emotions/reactions are present at birth

Question 4

Functionalist Theory

Answer 4

emotions have function, environment influences emotions, emotions emerge with experience

Question 5

When do people begin expressing emotions?

Answer 5

At birth

Question 6

When do infants begin to show anger?

Answer 6

4-8 months

Question 7

When do self-conscious emotions begin to emerge?

Answer 7

18-24 months

Question 8

Examples of self-conscious emotions?

Answer 8

pride, embarrassment, shame, guilt

Question 9

What do self-conscious emotions require for development?

Answer 9

social and cultural learning

Question 10

What are the three components of understanding emotions?

Answer 10

1. identification
2. understanding cause
3. Understanding False/Real Emotions

Question 11

What does the presence of Emotional Contagion in infnats indicate?

Answer 11

awareness of emotion, even though they do not yet understand them

Question 12

When can infants tell emotional differences in expressions?

Answer 12

4-7 months

Question 13

When can infants connect emotions to facial expressions and tone of voice?

Answer 13

7 months

Question 14

when do infants begin to relate emotions to world causes?

Answer 14

8-12 months

Question 15

Emotionally, what happens in early childhood (2-5 years)?

Answer 15

increased ability to identify emotions, emotional language appearance, can label simple emotions and can use situational info to do so

Question 16

Emotionally, what happens in Middle Childhood (6-10 years)

Answer 16

Can label more complex emotions and recognize that someone can feel two conflicting emotions at once

Question 17

When can children differentiate between appropriate and inappropriate emotions?

Answer 17

1.5 years

Question 18

When do kids try to disguise negative emotions?

Answer 18

3 years old

Question 19

understand difference between external and internal emotions?

Answer 19

5 years

Question 20

As children get older, they have to learn to do what?

Answer 20

Regulate emotions

Question 21

How do children first begin to regulate emotions?

Answer 21

behaviorally: self soothing, averting attention, behavioral distractions

Question 22

What are cognitive ways that children first use to regulate emotions?

Answer 22

They strategies like thinking about something else, reappraise the situation, and plan ways to solve a problem

Question 23

What factors play into individual differences in emotional regulation?

Answer 23

temperament (genes) and socialization

Question 24

What is positive socialization?

Answer 24

parents validate emotions, discuss why a child feels the way that they are

Question 25

What is the effect of validating a child’s emotions?

Answer 25

higher self-esteem

Question 26

What is the effect of validating other’s emotions?

Answer 26

more empathy in children

Question 27

What is Negative Socialization?

Answer 27

parents dismiss child’s feelings and react with hostility

Question 28

What are the effects of negative socialization?

Answer 28

more aggression, more negative emotions, poor coping

Question 29

What are the Effects of discussing emotion during childhood?

Answer 29

more introspection, better coping strategies

Question 30

If a child has poor emotional regulation, what are the life effects?

Answer 30

antisocial behavior, more unemployment, high levels of anxiety/depression, socual/academic difficulties

Question 31

What was the marshmallow Task?

Answer 31

children were given marshmallow and asked to wait until the researcher returned to et it. if they waited, they would get another marshmallow

Question 32

what was the purpose of the Marshmallow task?

Answer 32

to measure the ability to delay impulses

Question 33

What was concluded from the marshmallow task?

Answer 33

this was n indicator of how well children would do academically and socially