Emotion

Question 1

Valence

Answer 1

affective states have a good/bad distinction.

Question 2

Types of Affect

Answer 2

1) emotion
2) mood
3) motivation
4) sensation

Question 3

Emotion

Answer 3

biologically based responses that arise from the brain and have effects on the body, shaped by learning.

Question 4

Mood

Answer 4

more enduring, more ill-defined.

Question 5

Components of Emotion

Answer 5

1) changes in physiology.
2) subjective experience.
3) expression/behaviour.

Question 6

Categorial View

Answer 6

argues that each emotion is a fundamentally distinct entity with its own distinguishable circuitry in the brain.

Question 7

Flow

Answer 7

a completely involved, focused state of consciousness.

Question 8

Components of flow

Answer 8

1. ) absorption in activity.
2. ) loss of consciousness.
3. ) distorted sense of time.
4. ) sense of ecstasy.

Question 9

Are emotions universally recognized?

Answer 9

there is remarkable cross-cultural similarity in the recognition of specific emotions.

ex: sadness, happiness, anger, disgust, fear.

Question 10

Emotions shape

Answer 10

1. ) perception
2. ) memory
3. ) decisions
4. ) cognition

Question 11

Propranolol

Answer 11

• beta-blocker that blocks brain receptivity to a stress hormone called norepinephrine which dilutes arousal and blocks the effect of emotion on memory which decreases PTSD symptoms.

Question 12

Effects of emotion on perception

Answer 12

Expressions are configured differently because of how we perceive our environment.

Ex: disgust helps expel something from our sensory systems & fear helps us take in more of the world around us.

Question 13

Effects of emotion on memory

Answer 13

emotional events are better remembered in both accuracy and vividness than neutral events.

Question 14

Ultimatum game

Answer 14

• If you accept money, offer is divided as proposed, if you reject no one gets anything.
• People reject low offers in spite of proposer making more money, whether it’s a human or CPU.
• humans are not purely ration decision makers.

Question 15

Affective blindsight

Answer 15

refers to the uncanny ability of such patients to respond correctly, or above chance level, to visual emotional expressions presented to their blind fields.

Question 16

Dimensional View

Answer 16

proposes that the fundamental elements of all emotions are actually arousal and valence and that each emotion is simply a result of combining particular level of arousal + valence.

Question 17

Disgust sensitivity

Answer 17

a persons general tendency to become easily disgusted by various scenarios is correlated with political conservatism.

Question 18

Non conscious emotion

Answer 18

emotional content presented non-consciously can influence judgment of neutral content presented shortly after.

Question 19

Mere exposure effect

Answer 19

simply being exposed to a stimulus repeatedly increases our liking for it.

• increase is largest for stimuli that are presented non-consciously.

Question 20

Facial Attractiveness

Answer 20

judgments of facial attractiveness increase with exposure to the face.

Question 21

Cortical Blindness

Answer 21

refers to the phenomenon of blindness resulting from damage to the visual cortex (rather than damage to the retina).

Question 22

Charles Whitman

Answer 22

• discovered a tumour crushing his amygdala & hippocampus.
• caused aggressive behaviour (murder).

Question 23

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

Answer 23

lesions to amygdala is accompanied by markedly lower aggression, decreased fear, and increased sexual behaviour.

Question 24

Amygdala Activation

Answer 24

• produces bursts of aggression.
• seen during manic episodes.
• predicts the emotional impact on memory recall.

Question 25

Nucleus Accumbens

Answer 25

part of the basal ganglia that becomes active when individuals encounter a range of pleasurable content.

Question 26

Self-disclosure

Answer 26

nucleus accumbens becomes engaged even when individuals disclose information about themselves, suggesting that the act of self-disclosure is pleasurable.

Question 27

Zygomaticus Major

Answer 27

a muscle that controls facial expression, drawing the mouth’s angle upward and outward.