Emotion Flashcards
Definiton of emotion
A brief complex state of feelings that arise in response to a specific cause to achieve a particular goal
What is the Jame-Lange theory?
Emotion occur by:
Stimulus –> Perception –> Physicological Reaction –> Feeling of emotion
What contradicts the James-Lange theory?
- Phsyciological changes do not guarantee emotion
- Physiological changes may not proceed emotion
- High arousal is linked to different emotions
- Arosual not needed for emotion
What is the Cannon-Bard theory?
Views emotional experience and emotional expression as parallel processes that have no direct casual relation
What pathways did Papez suggest provided the connections for cortical of emotional expression?
LImbic system
What does Bilaterial lesion of amygdala in human result in?
- No conditioned response (still able to verbally learn the association)
- Fail to recongise facial expression of fear (SP case)
- Fail to experience fear (SM case)
What is Skin conductance response (SCR)?
Chnages in electrical conductivitiy on a person’s skin, caused by certain stimuli
What did Ivan Pavlov (1849 - 1936) observe in dogs?
Dogs learned to expect food when stimuli that predicted delivery of the food were presented - Pavlovian/classical conditioning
What is unconditioned stimulus?
Conditioning is not requried to produce a response
What is the conditioned stimulus?
A stimulus that had been conditioned to produce a conditioned response
What is fear conditioning?
Esablishment of fear in repsonse to a previously netural stimulus
What is the central nucleus important for?
Defensive behaviour
What is the Lacteral nucleus important for?
Acquistion, storage and expression of conditioned fear
What is the importance of Basolateral nucleus?
Freezing response
What does the Anterior CIngulate Cortex do?
- Recieve inputs relating to pain
- Regulate feelings of pain via output connections to the periaqueductal gray
What does the Anterior cingulate cortex respond to?
Perception of pain in others aswell as to physcial pain in oneself
What did Klüver-Bucy Syndrome (1939) discover?
Monkies with bilateral amygdala lesions
What were the symptoms that monkeys that had the Klüver-Bucy Syndrome (1939) displayd?
Consumption of almost anything edible
Increased sexual activity often directed to inappropriate objects
Tendency to repeatedly investigate familiar objects with the mouth
Lack of fear
What is the Pop-out effect (Ohman et al., 2001)?
Participants searched for discrepant fear-relevant pictures (snakes or spiders) in grid-pattern arrays of fear-irrelevant pictures
What are the results of Pop-out effect (Ohman et al., 2001)?
- Fear-relevant pictures were found more quickly than fear-irrelevant ones
- Participants specifically fearful of snakes but not spiders (or vice versa) showed facilitated search for the feared objects but did not differ from controls in search for nonfeared fear-relevant or fear-irrelevant, targets.
What did LeDoux show about Amygdala?
Amygdala is important in mediating the association of auditory and aversive somatic snsory stimuli
What did lesions to the medial geniculate nucleus of the thalmaus caus?
Blocked fear conditioning
What did lesions to primary aduitory cortex cause?
Nothing. Fear conditioning still occured
What does pathways from the amygdala to the periaqueduta gray mediate?
Defensive behaviours
What did pathways to the lateral hypothalamus elicit?
Sympathetic responses
What is the prefrotnal cortex involved in?
Contextual condiitoning
Act on the amygdala to suppress fear response to conditional stimuli
In a social exclusion trial, what were the results that Kross discovered?
- That social rejection “hurts”
- Brain systems has been theorized that underlie social rejection developed by coopting brain circuits that supoort th affective component of phsycial pain
- Social rejection and physcial pain are similar by being distressing na daffects the somatosenory brain systems
