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COMMPractical > Emergency Procedures > Flashcards

Emergency Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

Describe a spin.

A

aircraft descending in a circular path while AOA exceeds critical AOA

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2
Q

When might a spin occur ?

A 
EO on TO with turn back to RNWY
Base to Final
EO on final, pilots attempts to stretch for RNWY
GOA with full pwr and nose up
GOA flaps retract to soon with sink rate
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3
Q

How to recover from spin ?

A 
Power Back
Neutral stick (ailerons)
Opposite rudder
Stick forward to break spin gain airflow
Neutralize the Rudder
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4
Q

What does AFT CG do to spin characteristics ?

A

Harder to recover from spin

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5
Q

What is the load factor in a spin ?

A

Low..

1) low airspeed
2) pivot rather than turning

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6
Q

What is procedure for EO on Takeoff ?

A 
Ground stay on ground
0-600 Land in front (45 degree left/right)
600 AGL - 2000 AGL - Chute Cut Fuel
2000 back to the airport
cut fuel
nose down to land
maintain positive control
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7
Q

What is EO procedure while enroute ?

A 
Vg = 92 kts
HDG change towards field
switch fuel tanks
mag check
boost pump
throttle  1/2
mixture as required
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8
Q

What is Vg

A

best Glide speed. 92 kts

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9
Q

What are the issues with turning back to runway after EO on Takeoff at 300 AGL.

A

do not have the altitude to turn 270 degrees. if standard rate turn of 3 degrees per sec.. that’s 90 seconds… at 500 FPM, your looking at 750 ft required. Short by 450 ft. Not to mention reaction time, tendency for steeper turns increasing load factor and stall. Probably hit the ground while banking.

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10
Q

What is the emergency landing procedure ?

A 
2000 AGL ? Chute ?
best glide speed
121.5 Mayday
Squawk 7700
Activate ELT
Power Idle
Mixture Off
Fuel off
Fuel pump off
Ignition Off
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11
Q

Procedure for Engine Fire During Starting ?

A

If starts: High RPM, then Shut down
If not Start: Throttle Full, Mixture Off, continue start to extinguish via vacuum
If fire continues: fire extinguisher; master off, ignition off fuel off.

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12
Q

Procedure for Engine Fire in Flight ?

A 
Emergency Descent
Fuel mixture, pump, selector off
cabin Airflow off
Power lever off
ignition off
doors partially open
checklist
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13
Q

Procedure for Electrical Fire in flight

A 
O2 off
AC off
VFR  Batt-Alt Master switches off
IFR leave Batt2 on
Fire Extinguisher
Cabin doors partial open
Avionics off
checklist
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14
Q

How does an engine fire typically occur ?

A

leaking fuel or oil contacting the exhaust manifold

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15
Q

Procedure for wing fire in flight ?

A 
Pitot switch off
Nav light off
Landing Light off
strobe off
side slip to keep flames away from cabin
checklist
land ASAP
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16
Q

PFD Failure ?

A

Display backup

Land

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17
Q

ADC failure ?

A 
Check breakers; reset. If pops again, do not reset
Checklist
Revert to Standby instruments 
Verify by maneuvering slightly and check
Land
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18
Q

AHRS failure ?

A

Verify backup AHRS in use
Check Breakers; reset.. if pops again, do not reset
Be prepared to refer to standby instruments

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19
Q

What does the Garmin Integrated Avionics (GIA) power

A

GIA1; COM1, NAV1, GPS1

GIA2; COM2, NAV2, GPS2

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20
Q

Procedure for Loss of Oil Pressure ?

A

high/low pressure; Reduce power to min flight
prepare for engine failure
Land ASAP

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21
Q

CAPS deployment speed ?

A

140 KIAS

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22
Q

CAPS deployment procedure ?

A 
140 KIAS
Fuel Mixture, pump, selector to OFF
Bat-Alt switches OFF
Ignition OFF
ELT ON
Secure belts and loose items
Move upwind from aircraft
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23
Q

Emergency Descent procedure ?

A

Power Idle
mixture as required
Pitch 10-15 degrees to intercept Vne

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24
Q

What are types of aircraft icing ?

A

Structural
Induction
Instrument

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25
Q

What types of structural icing can occur in flight ?

A

Clear, Rime, Mixed Icing

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26
Q

Describe Clear icing.

A

glaze, glossy and clear
most dangerous
gets everywhere (where deicing can’t reach)
supercooled water droplets
freezes slowing over surface, helping to spread

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27
Q

Describe Rime Icing

A

rough, milky opaque
favors colder temps
rapidly freezes on leading edges
rapid freezing traps air

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28
Q

Describe mixed Icing

A

mixture of clear and rime ice
similar hazard as clear ice
forms when small-scale variations liquid water content, temps and droplet sizes

29
Q

What temp does clear icing typically form ?

A

warmer than -10C

30
Q

What temp does rime icing typically form ?

A

colder than -15C

31
Q

What is necessary for structural icing to occur ?

A

flying through visible moisture

temps +2C to -20C

32
Q

Describe icing found in stratiform clouds ?

A

both rime and mixed possible
horizontal hazard
small change in altitude may help

33
Q

Describe icing found in cumuliform clouds ?

A

clear or mixed in the upper levels
vertical hazard
icing is variable because it depends on clouds stage of development

34
Q

What Wx info should you be aware of regarding icing in pre-flight prep ?

A 
front locations
area forecasts
zulu airmets
prireps
cloud layers
freezing levels
Skew log t
air temps and pressure
35
Q

Describe “freezing level”

A

lowest altitude at 0C

36
Q

Recommended action for icing encounter ?

A

Leave visible moisture
climb to colder (do so quickly to not accumulate)
descend to warmer if terrain permits

37
Q

how to report icing to ATC ?

A

Trace, light, moderate, severe

38
Q

What’s your landing approach if icing ?

A 
higher airspeed
higher altitude
expect higher stall speed
expect longer landing roll
no flaps
avoid missed approach
39
Q

What type of precip produce most hazardous icing conditions ?

A

Freezing rain

40
Q

Does stall warning have ice protection ?

A

On FIKI systems. yes. Stall Vane Transducer is heated

41
Q

What is min airspeed for FIKI operation ?

A

95 KIAS

42
Q

What is max airspeed for FIKI ops ?

A

177 KIAS

43
Q

What Temp is conducive to icing ?

A

41F or 5C OAT

44
Q

Recommend holding airspeed in FIKI ops ?

A

120 KIAS

45
Q

How much time is available for FIKI fluid.

A

8 Gallon
90 min on Norm
45 min on High
22 min on Max

46
Q

What conditions cause carb icing ?

A

1) vaporization of fuel

2) expansion of air as it passes through carb venturi valve

47
Q

What conditions are favorable to carb icing ?

A

1) below 70F

2) +80% humidity

48
Q

Describe different between ant-icing and de-icing equipment

A

Preventative vs Removal
Boots are deicing
heated pitot is anti
FIKI is in-between

49
Q

What is roll upset in FIKI system ?

A

Severe icing can cause airflow separation (aero stall) on wings
causing self-deflection of ailerons
caused by ice accumulation in sensitive area of wing

50
Q

Recommend Procedure for roll upset ?

A 
Reduce AOA
Increase airspeed
roll wings level
monitor airspeed and AOA
do not retract flaps if extended
verify wing ice protection
51
Q

What is decompression ?

A

inability of aircraft pressurization system to maintain cabin pressure (8000 ft)

52
Q

What are 2 types of decompression ?

A

1) Explosive - cabin decompresses faster than lungs

2) Rapid = lungs decompress faster than cabin

53
Q

What are dangers of decompression ?

A

1) Hypoxia
at higher altitudes; blown or tossed out
2) Evolved gas decompression (The Bends)
3)wind blast and extreme cold

54
Q

What instruments are affected when pitot tube freezes ?

A

Airspeed
Altimeter
Vertical Airspeed

55
Q

What is affected if pitot tube blocked and drain clear ?

A

AS is 0
ALT normal
VS normal

56
Q

What is affected if pitot tube blocked and drain blocked ?

A 
AS acts like ALT
reads High in climb
reads Low in descent (hazard)
ALT Normal
VS Normal
57
Q

What instruments are affected when static port freezes ?

A 
AS ok at frozen Altitude 
If descend, AS reads high
if climb, AS reads low
ALT shows altitude at which system was blocked
VS reads level
58
Q

Does pitot system have ice protection ?

A

yes.
heated
switch
10 amp circuit breaker

59
Q

What indications should you expect using alternate air ?

A 
Emergency use
switch or break VSI
ALT = higher than normal
AS = faster than normal
VS = momentary climb then stable
60
Q

What instruments can be relied on in event of complete vacuum system failure while in IMC ?

A 
Turn/Slip for banking
compass for banking
AS for pitch
ALT for pitch
VS for pitch
61
Q

Is there a backup system if engine driven vacuum pump fails ?

A

Some GA aircraft may have it

62
Q

What is recommends procedure for resetting circuit breaker ?

A

should not be reset inflight unless
checklist calls for it
PIC believes needed for safe completion of flight
Repeated reset can lead to damage or fire

63
Q

What action if ammeter shows continuous discharge in flight ?

A

alternator not charging
turn alt off with breaker
non-essential equipment off (running on batt)
land ASAP

64
Q

What action if ammeter shows continuous over-charge in flight ?

A 
alternator is overcharging batteries
possible explosion
turn alt off with breaker
non-essential equipment off
land ASAP
65
Q

If low-voltage indicator illuminates what has occurred ?

A

usually at low RPM on the ground
or alternator has been shut down
battery likely supplying power

66
Q

Procedure for loss of elevator control ?

A

flaps

trim for level flight

67
Q

Why is clear icing most dangerous ?

A

Gets everywhere. Clouds can support high concentrations for liquid water with large drop sizes. When water drops are just above freezing they are super cooled looking for something to stick to.

68
Q

What are symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning ?

A 
headache
blue lips
dizzy
drowsy
cough
wheezy
nausea
69
Q

Reasons for loss of MP ?

A

Loose induction hose
Exhaust Leak (fire hazard)
Watergate Actuator (low oil pressure)
Bad Turbo Component

COMMPractical (11 decks)

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