Embryology - Heart and the Great Vessels

Question 1

What is the heart formed from?

Answer 1

The visceral mesoderm. Slide 4

Question 2

How does the heart reach its final position?

Answer 2

By lateral folding and then Cranio-Caudal folding Slide 5+6

Question 3

What are the heart tube regions?

Answer 3

Sinus venosus
Atrium
Ventricle
Bublus Cordis
Truncus Arteriosus. Slide 7

Question 4

What do each heart tube regions give rise to in the adult derivatives?

Answer 4

Sinus venosus - Smooth part of R atrium and coronary sinus.
Atrium - part of both atria
Ventricle - part of left ventricle
Bulbus cordis - part of right ventricle and the outflow of both Vs
Truncus Arteriosus - Aorta and pulmonary trunk. Slide 7

Question 5

What day does the heart begin to loop and fold?

Answer 5

Day 23. Slide 8

Question 6

How does the heart tube loop and fold?

Answer 6

The atrium moves towards the cranial end and dorsally.
The ventricle is displaced left.
The bulbus cordis moves inferiorly to the right. Slide 8

Question 7

What creates the foramen ovale?

Answer 7

Septum Secundum. Slide 9

Question 8

What gives rise to the aortic arches?

Answer 8

The aortic sac. Slife 10

Question 9

What does each pair of aortic arches do?

Answer 9

1 + 2 form the maxillary artery and the stapedial artery.
3 - common carotid and 1st part of the ICA
4 - right subclavian and part of aortic arch
5 - disappears
6 - forms branches which will be the pulmonary artery. Slide 11