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CP Final Exam F'16 > Embryology: Great Vessels > Flashcards

Embryology: Great Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of Vasculogenesis?

A

Formation of blood vessels de novo, in early life, from individual cell precusors; Angioblasts

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2
Q

What is Angiogenesis?

A

Development of blood vessels from preexisting vessels.

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3
Q

How is the Truncus Arteriosus formed?

A

Vasuclogenesis; gives rise Dorsal Aorta & Cardinal V.

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4
Q

Vasculogenesis is derived from what embryological structure?

A

Mesoderm

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5
Q

1st Pharyngeal Arch supplies blood flow to what structures?

A

Cheek and Jaw

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6
Q

Ventral Segmental Arteries are derivatives of what?

They also give rise to what arteries?

A

Splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm and endoderm

2) Celiac A., Superior Mesenteric A., & Inferior Mesenteric A.

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7
Q

Lateral segmental Arteries are derived from what structure?

Also, they give rise to what structures?

A

Intermediate mesoderm.

2) Kidneys, Gonads, & Testicles; Renal A.

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8
Q

Dorsal Segmental Arteries are derived from what structures?

Also, they give rise to what structures?

A

Derived from Somites.

2) Posterior Intercostal A., Lumbar As., and Vertebral As.

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9
Q

When does the formation of the rudiments of the remaining aortic arches take place?

A

Days 26-32

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10
Q

When does the completion of the aortic arches take place?

A

Days 32-37

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11
Q

1st Aortic Arch gives rise to the?

A

External Carotid and Maxillary As.

EM is 1st priority

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12
Q

2nd aortic arch gives rise to the?

A

Stems of stapedial arteries (in the ear)

The 2nd Stampede

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13
Q

Aortic Sac gives rise to the?

A

Brachiocephalic A. & Base of the arch of the aorta

Aortic Sac is filled w/ BBs

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14
Q

3rd Aortic Arch gives rise to the?

A

Common Carotid & Internal Carotid

3rd CCed Copy

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15
Q

4th Aortic Arch gives rise to?

A

Left: Medial portion of the aortic arch.
Right: Proximal Rt. Subclavian.

(you 4got M at the R. Subclavian)

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16
Q

6th Aortic Arch gives rise to?

A

Pulmonary Arteries;
Left: Distal Ductus Arteriosus.
Right: Distal Degenerates (This will degenerate)

(6th Pulmonary Defibrilative Device that has failed)

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17
Q

7th Intersegmental Arteries gives rise to?

A

Right: Distal part of the right subclavian A.
Left: Entire left subclavian A.

(that 7th Sub was a Dis)

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18
Q

Dorsal Aorta gives rise to?

A

Left; descending Aorta
Right: Portion of the right subclavian A.

(the Dorsal Desending Subclavian)

19
Q

At birth what causes a closure of the ductus arteriosus?

A

Increased oxygen, decreased prostaglandins, and increased bradykinins

20
Q

What is a preductal Coarctation of the Aorta defined as?

A

Constriction above the ductus arteriosus

It is a preview; above

21
Q

What is a postductal coarctation of the Aorta defined as?

A

Constriction inferior to the ductus arteriosus

Post exam review; inferior

22
Q

What vascular anastamosis allows patients with a coractation of the aorta to remain relatively asymptomatic?

A

Anastamosis of the Intercostal A w/ the Inferior epigastric A.

23
Q

Coarctation of the Aorta is known as what?

A

Narrowing of stenosis along the artery

24
Q

Remodeling of the veins takes place when?

A

Weeks 4-8

25
Q

The left horn of the sinus venosus gives rise to what?

A

Coronary Sinus & Oblique V.

26
Q

The right horn of the Sinus Venosus gives rise to what?

A

R. Atrium (Crista Terminalis & Sinus Spinosus)

{Crista & Sinus were right}

27
Q

The Vitelline V. Is derived from what?

Also, what is its’ oxygen content?

A

Yolk Sac & liver; low O2

28
Q

Where does the Umbilical V. Come from?

Also, what is its oxygen content?

A

Comes from the placenta; high O2 levels.

29
Q

What do the left and right Vitelline veins, which are proximal to the heart become?

A

Left: Degenerates
Right: Persists

(Vi; must degenerate or persist)

30
Q

What do the left and right Vitelline veins, within the liver, become?

A

Right & Left: Form Portal V.
Right: forms Hepatic V.

liver; portal, that is hepatic!}

31
Q

What does the right Umbilical V. Become?

A

Degenerates entirely.

32
Q

What does the left umbilical V. Become?

A

Proximally; degenerates

Within the liver; forms ductus venosus

Distally: Persists in embryo; providing placental return.

{Left; PWD; Persists}

33
Q

What is the function of the anterior cardinal V.?

A

Drainage from the cranial territory

34
Q

What does the Right, anterior, Cardinal V. Form?

A

Internal jugular & superior vena cava

35
Q

What does the left anterior cardinal V. Form?

A

brachiocephalic V.

36
Q

What are the function of the posterior Cardinal Vs?

A

Drainage from the body wall

37
Q

What happens during remodeling of the veins; weeks 4-8, to the posterior Cardinal Vs?

A

Posterior system degenerates; except for the root of the Azygos and Common Iliac.

38
Q

A left superior vena cava is defined by what?

A

Persistence of the left anterior cardinal V. &

obliteration of the common cardinal and proximal part of the anterior cardinal veins on the right.

39
Q

A double superior vena cava is defined as what?

A

PErsistence of the left anterior cardinal vein and failure of the left brachiocephalic vein to form.

40
Q

The Hepatic segment of the inferior vena cava is comprised of?

A

Rt. Vitelline, Hepatic veins & sinuses

41
Q

The Prerenal portion of the inferior vena cava consists of?

A

Rt. Subcardinal

42
Q

The Renal portion of the inferior vena cava consists of?

A

Subcardinal-supracardinal anastomosis

43
Q

The postrenal portion of the inferior vena cava is compromised of?

A

Rt. Supracardinal

44
Q

A double inferior vena cava is formed via what?

A

Persistence of Left Sacrocardinal V.

CP Final Exam F'16 (7 decks)

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