Embryology Flashcards
what dermal layer does kidney arise from?
intermediate mesoderm
name the three pairs of kidneys that develop in utero?
pronephros
mesonephros
metanephros
which of the kidneys is the one that we use permanently?
metanephros
which of the kidneys is never functional?
pronephros
which of the kidneys function temporarily then only serve purpose of male repo tract?
mesonephros
what are kidneys called when they begin development?
nephrogenic cord
what does the ureter develop from?
mesonephric duct
what does the bladder develop from?
urogenital sinus
what does the urethra develop from?
urogenital folds
what do urogenital folds also lead to in males?
the penis
do fetus pee in utero?
oh yeah…amniotic fluid depends on it
what is oligohydramnios?
too little amniotic fluid
what can a renal cause of oligohydramnios be?
renal agenesis or urinary obstruction
what is polyhydramnios?
too much amniotic fluid
what can cause polyhydramnios?
fetus cannot swallow the usual amounts of amniotic fluid
is potters sequence associated with oligo or polyhydramnios?
oligo
what is a common etiology of potters sequence?
bilateral renal agenesis
describe the features appearing with potters sequence
facial abnormalities, limb abnormalities, pulmonary hypoplasia
what is posterior urethral valves? does it occur in males or females?
membrane that develops blocking the exit of urine from bladder and into urethra
in males
what can posterior urethral valves lead to?
urine retention…dilated bladder…oligohydramnios
how does a horseshoe kidney form?
inferior poles of the kidneys fuse in development
how does a horseshoe kidney function?
normally
where would a horseshoe kidney be found?
lower than normal kidneys because ascend is blocked by mesenteric artery
what is a duplex collecting system? what causes this?
two ureters draining one kidney
caused by splitting of ureteric bud
