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Renal Week 1 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

name the two layers of fat surrounding the kidneys? which is the outer layer?

A

pararenal and perirenal

pararenal is the outer layer

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2
Q

what separates the two layers of fat surounding the kidneys?

A

renal fascia (Gerotas)

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3
Q

what three things enter at the renal hilum?

A

renal vein
renal artery
renal pelvis

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4
Q

what is the outer region of the kidney?

A

renal cortex

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5
Q

what is the inner region of the kidney?

A

renal medulla

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6
Q

branches of the renal cortex that extend into the medullary regions are called what?

A

renal columns

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7
Q

what is the structure of the medullary regions in the kidney?

A

pyramids

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8
Q

what is within pyramids that helps with urine production?

A

collecting ducts

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9
Q

what is the innermost tip of the medullary pyramids known as?

A

papilla

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10
Q

urine drains from the papilla into what structure?

A

minor calyx

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11
Q

describe the transfer of urine from the pyramids of medullary region to the bladder

A

pyramid…papilla…minor calyx…major calyx…renal pelvis…ureter…bladder

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12
Q

name the five regions of kidney vasculature

A 
superios segment
anterior superior segment
anterior inferior segment
inferior segment
posterior segment
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13
Q

how many branches of the renal artery feed the kidney?

A

5 segmental arteries

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14
Q

what do segmental arteries of the kidney branch into?

A

interlobar arteries

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15
Q

where do interlobar arteries run in the kidney?

A

between the pyramids

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16
Q

what do the interlobar arteries branch into?

A

arcuate arteries

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17
Q

where do the arcuate arteries run in the kidney?

A

on the top of the pyramids in the cortex

18
Q

what do the arcuate arteries branch into?

A

interlobular arteries

19
Q

where do the interlobular arteries traverse in the kidney?

A

the cortex

20
Q

where do preganglionic sympathetic nerves traveling to the kidney synapse?

A

aorticorenal ganglia or renal plexus

21
Q

name the sympathetic nerves that innervate the kidney

A

sympathetic splanchnic nerves

22
Q

does sympathetic innervation lead to vasoconstriction or dilation in the kidney vasculature?

A

constriction

23
Q

what is the word that describes the location of the kidneys and the ureters?

A

retroperitoneal

24
Q

name the two portions of the ureters

A

abdominal and pelvic

25
Q

where does the abdominal portion of the ureter run from and to?

A

from the kidney and to the iliac vessels

26
Q

where does the pelvic region of the ureter run from and to?

A

from the iliac vessels and to the bladder

27
Q

what is the name of the location where the pelvic ureter enters the bladder

A

uretero vesical junction

28
Q

what muscle does the abdominal portion of the ureters run on top of? What vessel crosses the abdominal ureter?

A

runs on top of the psoas muscle

gonadal vessels cross it

29
Q

name the four vessels that feed the abdominal ureter

A

renal
gonadal
aorta
common iliac

30
Q

name the two vessels that feed the pelvic ureter

A

internal iliac and vesical

31
Q

name the three constriction sites of the ureter

A

at the hilum of the kidney
at the location where ureter crosses over iliac artery
at the bladder where ureter traverses the side of the wall

32
Q

what can get stuck in the constriction sites of the ureters?

A

stones

33
Q

what dermatome levels will the ureter relay its pain to?

A

T10-L2…which includes lower quad of abdomen and the groin area

34
Q

what lies just anterior to the bladder?

A

the pubic symphis

35
Q

what is the name of the muscle wall of the bladder?

A

detrussor muscle

36
Q

what is the name of the muscle that controls the opening of the bladder?

A

internal urethral sphincter

37
Q

what parts of nervous system/what type of muscle controls the detrussor muscle, internal sphincter and external sphincter?

A

ANS
ANS
Skeletal muscle

38
Q

what are the three aspects of the trigone in the bladder?

A

left and right ureter emptying

base is the opening of the urethra

39
Q

name the four regions of the bladder

A

apex, fundus, body and neck

40
Q

what is the name of the avasculature spot in the kidney where you can enter the collecting duct system?

A

Brodels line

Renal Week 1 (8 decks)

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