Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Renal Week 1 > Distal Segment Transport > Flashcards

Distal Segment Transport Flashcards

1
Q

what is the name of the diuretic that inhibits the NCLK channel in the loop?

A

furosemide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

barterrs syndrome is a defect of what?

A

NKCC channel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name the four molecular changes with Barterrs syndrome

A

hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, polyuria, dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the name of the cotrasnported on the luminal surface of the early distal tubule?

A

sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what drives the flow of sodium in the cell in the early distal tubule?

A

Na/KATPase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what molecule moves into luminal surface of late distal tubule?

A

just sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the name of the sodium channel in the luminal side of the late distal tubule?

A

ENaC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what molecule goes out of the luminal side of the late distal tubule?

A

potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name the two cell types in the late distal tubule

A

alpha and beta intercalated cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the main role of alpha intercalated cells?

A

acid base homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what molecule is pumped out into lumen in the alpha intercalated cells?

A

H+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

name the two H+ channels in the luminal surface of the late distal tubule

A

H+ ATPase

H+/K+ ATPase antiporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what transporter does not function in Gitelmans syndrome?

A

loss of function in the NCC transporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the channel change in the Gordons syndrome?

A

gain of function in NCC transporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the channel change in Liddles syndrome?

A

gain of function in ENaC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the channel change in pseudohypoaldosterism type I?

A

loss of function ENaC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what type of channel and what location does aldosterone lead to?

A

ENaC in the distal tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what molecule goes through the ENaC?

A

sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

which molecule does the ENaC create a favorable excretion gradient for?

A

K+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

name the exchanger on the baso lateral side of the alpha intercalated cells in the distal tubules

A

bicarb and chloride

Chloride in and bicarb out to interstitium

21
Q

what is the main role of the alpha intercalated cells?

A

secrete H+

22
Q

what is the main role of the beta intercalated cells?

A

secrete bicarb and save H+

23
Q

what channel do thiazide diuretics target?

A

inhibit the NCC

24
Q

what channel do amiloride and triamterene target?

A

the ENaC

25
Q

does Gitelmans lead to metabolic acidosis or alkalosis?

A

alkalosis

26
Q

does gitelmans lead to hyper or hypokalemia?

A

hypokalemia

27
Q

does gordons lead to metabolic acidosis or alkalosis?

A

acidosis

28
Q

does gordons lead to hyper or hypokalemia?

A

hyperkalemia

29
Q

does Liddles lead to metabolic acidosis or alkalosis?

A

alkalosis

30
Q

does Liddles lead to hyper or hypokalemia?

A

hypokalemia

31
Q

does pseudohypoaldosteronism lead to hyper or hypokalemis?

A

hyper

32
Q

more sodium in distal segments lead to what two molecules being excreted more?

A

potassium and H+

33
Q

can the early distal tubule respond to hormones?

A

no

34
Q

what three hormones do the late distal tubule and collecting ducts respond to?

A

aldosterone
ADH
ANP

35
Q

what two channel types does aldosterone lead to?

A

ENaC and K+ on luminal surface

36
Q

what molecule does ADH bind initially in the nephrons?

A

vasopressin receptor

37
Q

what does ADH insert in the luminal surface of the DCT or CD?

A

aquaporin 2

38
Q

what effect does aldosterone have on the intercalated cells in the distal tubule?

A

increases the H+ ATPase activity…so more H+excreted

39
Q

in the medullary collecting duct, other than water was does ADH lead to reabsorption of?

A

urea

40
Q

where is urea reabsorbed?

A

medullary collecting duct

41
Q

what is the osmotic signal that leads to increase in ADH? what receptor senses this?

A

hyperosmotic

osmoreceptors

42
Q

name the two nonosmotic things that lead to ADH release?

A

low effective capillary flow volume

low BP

43
Q

why is pseudohypoaldosteronism the only salt losing tubulopathy that leads to hyponatremia?

A

because it is a defect the ENaC and this is the last place for easy reabsorption of Na

44
Q

how does ADH lead to urea reabsorption?

A

activated the UT-1 or urea transporter 1 in the medullary collecting duct

45
Q

what is the location of aquaporin 1?

A

proximal tubule and descending portion of loop…apical side

46
Q

what is the location of aquaporin2 ?

A

distal tubule and collecting ducts…apical side

47
Q

what is the location of aquaporin 3?

A

distal tubule and collecting duct…basolateral side

48
Q

when is ANP released? what is the effect it has?

A

when atrial volume is high…leads to better Na+ excretion

Renal Week 1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions