Embryology

Question 1

What are the four dimension embryology takes place in

Answer 1

Space - 3D

Time

Question 2

Embryo

Answer 2

Until the end of 8th week

Question 3

Zygote

Answer 3

2 cell stage to morula

Question 4

Morula

Answer 4

Day 3

Question 5

Blastocyst

Answer 5

Days 4-6

Question 6

Fetus

Answer 6

Week 9 to birth

Question 7

Ovum

Answer 7

Mature unfertilized egg

Question 8

Conceptus

Answer 8

all structures that develop from zygote

Question 9

Oocytes

Answer 9

Complete first meiotic division
Arrest at Metaphase of meiosis II
Haploid chromosome
All created before birth

Question 10

Zones of Ovum

Answer 10

Nucleus
Zona Pellucida
Corona Radiata

Question 11

Uterine Tube Mucosa

Answer 11

Peg cells - nutritive ovum material

Ciliated cells - move fluid

Question 12

Ovum viability

Answer 12

~24 hours

Question 13

Sperm anatomy

Answer 13

Head with acrosomal cap
Mitochodrial sheath
Tail
Haploid number of chromosomes

Question 14

Epididymis

Answer 14

Where sperm gain motility and are stored

Question 15

Average amount of ejaculate

Answer 15

2-6ml

200-600million sperm

Question 16

Sperm who actually make it to oviduct

Answer 16

A few hundred

Question 17

Sperm viability

Answer 17

24-48 hours

Question 18

Fertilization

Answer 18

Takes 24 hours
Use hyaluronidase and tube enzymes to penetrate Corona Radiata
Wag tail clockwise
Penetration of Zona Pellucida activated zona reaction
Ovum completes Meiosis II and sperm mitochondria are destroyed

Question 19

Results of Fertilization

Answer 19

Initiates Meiosis II
Restoration of Diploidy
Determines Sex
Activated Metabolism
Initiates Cleavage

Question 20

Four days after fertilization

Answer 20

Inner cell mass and blastocyst have formed
Will float down Fallopian tube two more days
Implants in endometrium at six days

Question 21

Decidua reaction

Answer 21

Creates syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast

Syncytiotrophoblast merges with vessels and glands of endometrium for nutrition

Question 22

Epiblast

Answer 22

Only thing that becomes embryo
Forms ectoderm and amnion
Extraembryonic ectoderm
Primitive Streak

Question 23

Hypoblast

Answer 23

Forms extraembryonic endoderm of yolk sack

Question 24

Gastrulation

Answer 24

Begins embryonic period at week 3

Question 25

Primitive streak

Answer 25

Proceeds from caudal to cranial and determines directionality of body

Question 26

Notochord

Answer 26

Ectoderm
Induces formation of neural plate
Involutes at top of primitive streak

Question 27

Outcomes of embryo folding

Answer 27

New cell relationships
New inductive influences
Everything but umbilicus closed
Directionality of embryo

Question 28

Differential growth

Answer 28

Some areas grow much faster than others

Question 29

Ectoderm Derivatives

Answer 29

Hair 
Epidermis
Vestibular and Anal Lining
CNS
PNS

Question 30

Mesoderm Derivatives

Answer 30

Skeleton
Skeletal Muscle
Dermis