Embalming: Quarter 1 Final (COMPLETE) Flashcards
Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease/CJD-
rare degenerative disease of the brain with unknown etiology caused by a prion.
Electric Spatula (Tissue Reducer)
electrically-heated blade which may be used to dry moist tissue, reduce swollen tissue, and restore contour to natural form.
Groove Director
instrument used to guide drainage devices into veins
Autolysis
self-destruction of cells; decomposition of all tissues by enzymes of their own formation without microbial assistance.
Autoclave
apparatus used for sterilization by steam pressure.
Hydroaspirator
apparatus that utilizes a water supply to create suction and is used to aspirate the contents of the body cavities
Decay
decomposition of proteins by enzymes of aerobic bacteria
Accessory Chemical
a group of preservative chemicals used in addition to vascular (arterial) and cavity embalming fluids; most are applied to the body surface.
Agonal Algor
decrease in body temperature immediately before death.
Postmortem Caloricity
rise in body temperature after death due to continued cellular metabolism
Necrosis
Pathological death of a tissue still apart of the living organism
Necrobiosis
Antemortem, physiological death of the cells of the body followed by their replacement
Putrefaction
Decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria
Cadaver
Dead human body used for medical purposes.
Disinfection
destruction and/or inhibition of most pathogenic organisms and their products in or on the body
Restoration
Treatment of the deceased in the attempt to recreate natural form and color
Embalming
process of chemically treating human remains to reduce the presence and growth of microorganisms, to temporarily inhibit organic decomposition, and to restore an acceptable appearance
Universal Precautions
An approach to infection control in which all human blood and certain human body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious
Aneurysm Hook
Embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection and raising vessels
Aneurysm Needle
embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection with an eye in the hook portion of the instrument for placing ligatures around raised vessels
Difference between aneurysm hook and aneurysm needle
- The aneurysm needle has an “eye” to be used for passing ligature.
- The aneurysm hook has a sharp pointed tip for dissection
Angular Spring Forceps
Drainage instrument designed for the removal of venous blood clots
Sealing Agent
Material used to provide a barrier or seal against leakage of fluid or blood
Hardening Compound
Chemical in powder form that has the ability to absorb moisture and/or preserve tissue; used in cavity treatment of autopsied cases
Agonal Period
A period of time immediately before death
Purge
Postmortem evacuation of any substance from an external orifice of the body as a result of pressure
Clinical Death
Phases of somatic death lasting from 5-6 minutes during which life may be restored.
Biological Death
Irreversible Somatic death
Cellular Death
Death of the individual cells of the body
Somatic Death
Death of the organism as a whole
Hemolysis
Destruction of red blood cells that releases heme
Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)
- the legal maximum average of formaldehyde exposure for a 15-minute time period.
- Concentration must be below 2ppm (parts/million)
Postmortem Physical Changes and Examples
- Natural forces of nature cause changes in the physical state of the body or body tissues
- Natural physical changes do not change the chemical composition of the body
Ex. algor mortis, dehydration, hypostasis, increase in blood viscosity
Postmortem Chemical Changes
- Changes generated by chemical activities that result in the formation of new chemical substances.
- Postmortem processes are largely dependent on autolytic enzymes that stimulate chemical reactions in tissues
Ex. Postmortem caloricity, change in body pH, rigor mortis, postmortem stain, decomposition
Extrinsic Factors
Factors that are present on the outside of the body that have a direct influence on the body such as temperature, humidity, vermin, time between death and preparation, and time between preparation and disposition, algor mortis
Hypostasis
- A process by which blood settles, as a result of gravitational movement within the vessels to the dependent or lower parts of the body
- Affected by: position of the body, constrictions, ligatures, and other factors that impede free movement of the blood