Embalming 2 Exam 3 Flashcards
A method of locating a structure by reference to an adjacent known or a prominent structure.
Anatomical Guide
Points of origin and points of termination in relation to adjacent structures.
Anatomical Limits
an imaginary line drawn on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper lying structure. Topographical method where to raise vessels.
Linear Guide
Located in anterior cervical triangle (3 sided area in front of neck)
1st initial point of injection
1st attempt for injection for non-autopsy for most funeral home
Right Common Carotid Artery
Along the Medial border of the SternoCleidomastoid Muscle (SCM).
Lie closer to surface.
Anatomical Guide
Common Carotid Artery
Begins at the level of the Sternoclavicular articulation
Terminates at the level of the Superior border of the Thyroid Cartilage.
Anatomical Limits
Right Common Carotid Artery
Begins at the level of the second costal cartilage
Terminates at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage.
Left Common Carotid Artery
Common Carotid Artery Place of incision
Supraclavicular
Along the superior border of the clavicle. Used in emaciated case or young female with low neck line
Incision along the posterior border of the inferior one third (1/3) of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
Parallel incision
Incision used in distention/swelling in head trauma case or major restorative art treatment where want to use stronger fluid just on face during injection using restricted cervical.
Half moon incision
Why Raise Right Common Carotid Artery Considerations/Advantages?
Insures direct distribution to the face.
Close to the center of venous drainage and better blood removal of the face is assured.
Close to the center of circulation.
Has no branches except terminal branches.
Face may be embalmed with milder solution than remainder of the body with restricted cervical injection.
Why Raise Right Common Carotid Artery Precautions/Disadvantages?
Incision may be visible after dressing.
Tubes may leave marks on the face.
The face may be over injected.
single incision used to raise both common carotid that looks like a smiley face, full curve needle, made between 2 medial boundaries of both collar bones/clavicles.
Half moon incision
Its the accompanying vein that located lateral and superficial to the common carotid artery. Typical vessel normally seen first.
Internal jugular vein
Most important branches off the external carotid facial side to ensure well embalmed face. Raised in autopsy case when facial side artery off external carotid is nicked.
Feeds cheeks lips nose mouth eye lids
Facial artery
Facial artery Place of incision
Along the anatomical guide (Along the inferior border of the mandible just anterior to the angle of the mandible). Make incision the width of dodge needle aneurysm on face at shallow depression and use arin alpha glue to close.
AORTA
Ascending Aorta
Arch of the aorta
Descending Aorta
(1st division of largest artery/Aorta)
Has 2 branches:
Left & right coronary arteries
Ascending Aorta
(Center of embalming)
2nd division and arches behind heart.
Has 3 branches:
1st branch brachocephalic 2nd branch Left Common Carotid 3rd branch Left Subclavian
Terminates at level of the second level costal cartilage
Arch of the aorta
Arch of the aorta continues as Descending Aorta
Arch of the aorta is a continuation of/arises from Ascending Aorta
Begins at the level of the second level costal cartilage
1st vessel/initial point of injection used in non-autopsy infant cases.
Point of injection when heart was removed in open heart surgery and person died.
Comprised of the Thoracic Aorta and Abdominal Aorta
Descending Aorta
Only part of largest artery routinely used by embalmers as initial point of injection of non-autopsy bodies.
Located directly on top of spine.
Abdominal Aorta
Accompanying vein of descending aorta and initial point of drainage used in non-autopsy infant cases.
Lies laterally to the right of Descending Abdomen Aorta, largest vain in the human body.
IVC (Inferior Vena Cava)
Under the clavicle/collar bone
Typically only used in autopsy case
Subclavian
Anatomical guide
Begins at the right sternoclavicular articulation
Terminates to the lateral border of the first right rib.
Separately inject to ensure preservation of right upper extremities in autopsy case
Right Subclavian
Anatomical limits:
Begins level of the second level costal cartilage
Terminates to the lateral border of the first left rib.
Separately inject to ensure preservation of left upper extremities in autopsy case
Last branch of arch of aorta
Left subclavian:
Anatomical limits:
Subclavian Place of incision:
Along the upper margin of the clavicle about one-third (1/3) of the distance from the shoulder and root of the neck.
Supraclavicular
Along the superior border of the clavicle. Used in emaciated case or young female with low neck line
Through the center of the base of the auxiliary space and parallel to the long axis of the upper extremity when abducted.
Auxiliary (arm pit)
Linear guide:
Posterior to the medial border of the coracobrachialis muscle.
Auxiliary
Anatomical guide:
Begins at the lateral border of the first rib
Terminate to the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle.
Auxiliary Anatomical limits:
Auxiliary Place of incision:
Along the anterior margin of the hairline of the axillia.
Auxiliary Place of incision Considerations:
Close to the face.
Close to the center of circulation (arch of aorta).
Close to the center of venous drainage (right atrium).
Vessels are relatively superficial.
Auxiliary Place of incision Precautions:
Danger of over-injecting the face
Anomalies of both artery and vein are common
If arms are not treated properly, it does not appear natural when the body is placed in the casket.
Numerous branches the embalm arm in position when/after injection
Auxiliary’s accompanying vein
(1st single/unpaired vein in upper extremities amongst brachoplexus)
Located medial and superficial to auxiliary artery; used also as initial location of drainage in Ireland
Auxiliary vein
From the center of the base of the auxiliary space to the center of the forearm just inferior/below the bend of the elbow.
Brachial Artery (arm region between shoulder and elbow) Linear Guide:
lies posterior to the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle
Brachial Artery
Anatomical Guide:
Begins at the inferior border of the tendon teres major muscle and
Terminates to a point inferior to the antecubital fossa.
Brachial Artery
Anatomical Limits
Brachial Artery Place of incision
Along the linear guide.
Along the anterior margin of the hairline of the axillia.
Brachial Artery’s Accompanying Vein
located medial and superficial to the brachial artery.
Basilic Vein
Most lateral artery of the forearm (artery of the forearm on the thumbside, feed fingernail surfaces). Gives rise to deep palmer arch.
Radial Artery
On the surface of the forearm begin at the center of the antecubital fossa (shallow depression of elbow)
to the center of the base of the second digit/index finger.
Radial Artery Linear Guide:
Just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle.
*Radial Artery Anatomical Guide:
Radial Artery Place of incision:
along the Linear guide at the area of the wrist.
most medial artery of the forearm and named for the ulnar bone. Gives rise to superficial palmer arch.
Ulnar Artery
On the surface of the forearm begin at the center of the antecubital fossa
To point between the forth/ring finger and fifth digits/pinkie.
Ulnar Artery
Linear Guide:
Lies lateral - tendon flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
lies groove between tendons of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and tendon flexor digitorum superficialis (most prominent) muscle.
*Ulnar Artery Anatomical Guide:
