Embalming Flashcards
What is a resinous substance such as a natural exudation from plants?
Balm
Deodorant
Ethyl Cyanoacrylate
Humectant
Balm
The OSHA Formaldehyde Rule requires employers to do all but the following:
Keep accurate records
Medical Surveillance
Provide personal protective equipment
Shield employees from all formaldehyde exposure
Shield employees from all formaldehyde exposure
The treatment of all bodies and fluids as if they are extremely hazardous or potentially infectious is called:
Universal Convictions
Universal Precautions
Universal Studios
None of the above
Universal Precautions
What is the permissable time-weighted average that, when exceeded, requires action to reduce employee exposure?
PEL of 0.5
PEL of 0.75
STEL of 0.75
STEL of 2.0
PEL of 0.75
Moribund is synonymous with which of the following terms?
Agonal
Postmortem
Somatic
Thanatology
Agonal
In relation to the eye, which of the following is not a sign of death?
Clouding of the cornea
Constriction of the pupils
Flattening of the eyeball
Loss of luster in the conjucntiva
Constriction of the pupils
Agonal algor and agonal fever:
Are ante-mortem physical changes
Are post-mortem changes in temperature
Are synonymous terms
Have direct correlation to capillary expansion
Are ante-mortem physical changes
Which of the following devices are not considered “historical”?
Air pressure machine
Bulb syringe
Centrifugal pump
Gravity injector
Centrifugal pump
Sealing agents:
Contain acitve antibacterial ingredients and are effective at killing bacteria and microbes, and deactivating viruses
Include, but are not limited to hardening compounds, preservative powders, mold preventative and pack application agents
May be in the form of powders, sprays, or paint-on liquids or gels
May be used as a supplemental co-injection
May be in the form of powders, sprays, or paint-on liquids or gels
Pre-injection preparation should include all but the following:
Bathe, shampoo, shave, clean and trim nails, and trim hair
Disinfect deceased and pack orifices as needed
Select and use hypodermic embalming chemicals as needed
Set features using appropriate equipment
Select and use hypodermic embalming chemicals as needed
The use of personal protective equipment:
Is optional, based on the professional judgment of the operator
Is the responsibility of the employee
May include disposable protective clothing
All of the above
None of the above
May include disposable protective clothing
Which of the following is not true about hair care during the preparation of the deceased?
Cool water is an effective solvent to remove blood from the hair
Braids should be combed out prior to shampooing
Hair rinses are largely ineffective on deceased individuals
Kneading rather than combing curly hair helps maintain its curl
Hair rinses are largely ineffective on deceased individuals
Subcutaneous hypodermic injections of phenol or undiluted cavity chemical to treat visible discolorations:
Must be done after arterial injection in order to be effective
Must be done prior to arterial injection in order to be effective
Topical bleaching compresses are largely ineffective in treating visisble discolorations
None of the above
None of the above
When raising vessels:
Always raise the deepest vessel first
Always use an arterial tube that is slightly smaller than the lumen of the vessel
Try not to make incisions where vessels are superficial so as to avoid damage
Use linear guides when performing blunt dissection
Always use an arterial tube that is slightly smaller than the lumen of the vessel
Which of the following instruments is not typically useful when raising vessels?
Aneurysm hook
Bone separator
Needle injector
Straight forceps
Needle injector
Which of the following is not an upper extremity vessel?
Axillary
Brachial
Brachiocephalic
Radial
Brachiocephalic
The iliac artery:
Is a branch of the Popliteal artery
Is a continuation of the Femoral artery
Is superior to the Femoral artery
None of the above
Is superior to the Femoral artery
Of the following arteries, which is the largest in infants?
Brachial
Carotid
Femoral
Tibial
Carotid
Which of the following is not a recommended work practice or engineering control to help avoid embalmer exposure to formaldehyde and bloodborne pathogens?
Continuously aspirate and clamp leaking vessels on all autopsied cases
Keep the stopcock and rate of flow valve closed when not in use
Reduce drainage and/or use a closed drainage method
Use high water pressure to quickly flush away blood and embalming fluids
Use high water pressure to quickly flush away blood and embalming fluids
The one-point injection protocol for the Right Common Carotid artery includes all but the following:
Finish the embalming by injecting the left side of the face
Inject the trunk of the body
Insert an arterial tube into the Right Common carotid directed downward toward the trunk of the body
Insert an arterial tube into the Right Common Carotid directed toward the right side of the face
Finish the embalming by injecting the left side of the face
Multi-point injection sites for arterial embalming:
Are always used in cases of autopsy and organ and tissue donation cases
Are typically reserved for cases lacking distribution or diffusion to one or more areas
May also be accompanied by hypodermic or sectional embalming
All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following statements regarding damaged veins is false?
Absorbent cotton is often an effective means of cleaning the blood around a leaking vessel
After embalming pass ligature around teh distal portion of the vein to prevent further leakage
If it can be determined where blood is seeping from the vein, use serrated locking hemostats to clamp off the area
IIf the vein breaks while a drainage device is in place; secure the vessel with locking hemostats; gently remove the device; reopen the vein using the appropriate technique; reinsert the drainage device; and complete arterial injection
IIf the vein breaks while a drainage device is in place; secure the vessel with locking hemostats; gently remove the device; reopen the vein using the appropriate technique; reinsert the drainage device; and complete arterial injection
Which of the following does not result in little or no drainage?
Accidental death with trauma to the internal organs
Bloodstream infections or anemic conditions
Traumatic death resulting in large loss of blood outside the body
All of the above contribute to little or no drainage
All of the above contribute to little or no drainage
Which of the following does not call for increased preservative demand?
Burns
Generalized edema
Subcutaneous emphysema
Uremic poisoning
Subcutaneous emphysema
When dealing with lacerations and fractures, which of the following is not true?
Align broken skin with a bridge suture or adhesives prior to embalming
Align fractures after embalming
Lacerations should be cleaned and disinfected before embalming
Use cauterizing agents to dry and help preserve lacerated skin
Align fractures after embalming
Eye enucleation is:
A condition that results from excessive pre-embalming manipulation of the eye lid
A specialized treatment for gangrenous eyes
A surgical term meaning eye removal
Prevented by placing eyecaps under the eye lids
A surgical term meaning eye removal
Which of the following is not recommended when securing the mandible of an adult?
Dental tie
Mandibular suture
Needle injector
Only gluing the lips
Only gluing the lips
Which of the following statements is false about shaving?
Use a good sharp blade
Use small short strokes
Warm water has little advanatage for shaving the deceased
When in doubt, leave facial hair until talking to the family
Warm water has little advanatage for shaving the deceased
What type of suture is considered to be the most secure and commonly used?
Baseball
Basket weave
Double intradermal
Whip
Baseball
Which suture is useful for gathering in and turning under excess tissue?
Purse string
Roll
Single intradermal
Worm
Worm
Which suture is most generally used as a framework for the attachment of wax?
Basket weave
Bridge
Continuous
None of the above
Basket weave
What type of suture is most useful for closing puncture wounds or colostomy openings?
Baseball
Purse string
Roll
Worm
Purse string
Which of the following statements is not true?
Circle needles are most often used for restorative work
Close all incisions prior to cavity aspiration to prevent leakage
Dental floss makes an excellent suture material for restorative treatments
Make several sutures (forming a pocket) before applying incision seal powder
Close all incisions prior to cavity aspiration to prevent leakage
Which of the following is not a characterisitic of formaldehyde?
Acts as a deodorizer of body amines
High penetrating ability
Produces rapid tissue fixation
Tends to dehydrate tissue
High penetrating ability
Which preservative chemical is a colorless crystalline when solid and when in a solution it often takes on an amber or reddish-brown appearance?
Formaldehyde
Glutaraldehyde
Methanol
Phenol
Phenol
Chemicals which reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid and thereby enable it to flow through smaller apertures are:
Anticoagulants
Buffers
Humectants
Surfactants
Surfactants
A solution containing low formaldehyde content, reducing agnets, bleaching agents and dyes would most likely be used on which type of embalming?
Edematous
Jaundice
Refrigerated
Trauma
Jaundice
Which of the following would be the least effective surface agent?
Bleaches
Cauterizing chemicals
Hardening compounds
Phenols
Hardening compounds
What are fluids that are primarily used to supplement and/or enhance the action of vascular solutions?
Co-injection fluids
Complementary fluids
Pre-injection fluids
Restorative fluids
Co-injection fluids
How much 18 index fluid is needed to make three gallons of dilute solution having an index of 2.0?
14.2 ounces
36.3 ounces
42.7 ounces
108 ounces
42.7 ounces