Elizabethan Foregin Policy 1558-64 Flashcards
What was the significance of England’s loss of Calais?
It erased England’s prestige and treasury due to war losses.
Calais was a crucial territorial possession for England, symbolizing their power in France.
What was the Treaty of Câteau-Cambrésis and its terms?
Treaty concluded in April 1559:
* France keeps Calais for 8 years
* Calais will be returned if peace is maintained
* If not returned, France pays £125,000 to England.
This treaty marked a significant moment in Elizabethan foreign policy.
Who were the Lords of the Congregation?
A group of Scottish reformists led by James Stuart, influenced by John Knox, seeking power in Edinburgh.
They aligned with Protestant interests in Scotland.
What was the Treaty of Berwick?
A treaty signed in February 1560 offering conditional support to the Lords of the Congregation.
It marked a formal alliance between England and the Scottish reformists.
How did Cecil manipulate Elizabeth for political gain?
He played on her insecurities, highlighting threats from Francis and Mary using English symbols.
This manipulation showcased Cecil’s influence over Elizabeth’s decisions.
What was the outcome of the English intervention in Scotland?
French troops were removed, and Scotland was established as a Protestant country.
This was largely attributed to external circumstances, including a storm and political deaths.
What does the failure of the siege of Leith indicate?
It suggests that English success was due to luck rather than military effectiveness.
The siege’s failure was compensated by adverse weather affecting the French.
What was the Treaty of Edinburgh?
A July 1560 treaty accepting the Lords of the Congregation as a provisional government, solidifying Protestant dominance in Scotland.
This treaty was critical in diminishing Mary Queen of Scots’ influence.
What were the consequences of the Treaty of Troyes 1564?
It overruled Câteau-Cambrésis, resulting in the permanent loss of Calais.
This treaty marked a turning point in Elizabeth’s foreign policy, making her more cautious.
True or False: The English support of the Prince of Condé was ultimately successful.
False.
The support was wasted as the Huguenot army was defeated.
Fill in the blank: The Treaty of _______ was signed in 1560, securing Scotland as a Protestant country.
[Edinburgh].
How did the deaths of Mary of Guise and Francis II affect the political landscape in Scotland?
These deaths weakened the Guise faction and diminished Mary Queen of Scots’ influence.
Their deaths were pivotal in shifting power dynamics in favor of the Protestant faction.
What was the overall assessment of Elizabethan foreign policy between 1558-1564?
Mixed success:
* Success in Scotland with Treaties of Berwick and Edinburgh
* Failure in France with the loss of Calais in 1564.
Elizabeth’s foreign policy was characterized by both strategic victories and significant losses.
