Elizabeth K.O 6 Flashcards
Who were the Algonquian?
One of the largest Native American peoples
Who ruled the Algonquian?
They were one united language and each village was ruled by a different chief
Who was the chief of Secotan?
Wingina
How did the Algonquian make a living?
Women and girls grew crops such as sweetcorn, beans and squash whilst men and boys hunted and fished. Villages also traded with each other for goods such as copper and pearls
What did the Algonquian believe in?
They did not believe in individual Gods but that a great spirit inhabited them.
How did the Algonquian celebrate the changing of seasons?
They hosted festivals that reflected their reliance on the natural world
Who was the Mughal Empire?
The most powerful and wealthy empire in India
Who ruled the Mughal empire?
In the 16th century Akbar the Great expanded his empire to include over 100 million people
What did the Mughal empire believe?
Akbar the Great was a Muslim but most of his followers were Sikhs and Hindus which Akbar tolerated and encouraged communication
How did the Mughal empire make a living?
Most Indians were pheasant farmers as most of India had lots of fertile land. However most farmers were in poverty as they had to pay a third of their crops as taxes.
What was the luxuries of Mughal empires?
Wealthy Mughals could buy spices, cloth, jewels, cotton and perfumes
who did the Mughals trade with?
The Mughals traded with Portuguese merchants who sailed from Europe
What was Roanoke?
The first British colony in North America but it failed
What motivated Walter Raleigh to establish Roanoke?
wealth- Raleigh hoped to find silver there
Elizabeth- Raleigh hoped it would earn him patronage from the queen
Spain- he wanted to challenge the power of Catholic Spain
Royal support- Elizabeth gave him royal permission to take land
what were relationships with the natives like?
In 1587 117 settles arrived but had lost most of their supplies so they relied on the nearby village of Secotan, led by chief Wingina.
At first it was fine but then some natives began to attack the settlers
What happened to Wingina?
Manteo taught the English Algonquian and helped them ambush and kill Wingina
What happened to the colony?
Some settlers returned to England for supplies but by the time they returned in 1590 the colony was deserted
Why did Roanoke fail?
The settlers lost supplies and seeds on the journey
The settlers had a poor relationship with the Algonquian
boats bringing new supplies were delayed by the Spanish armada
What did the adventurers achieve with Roanoke?
They brought back new products such as potato and tobacco
They gained valuable knowledge allowing future colonies- such as Jamestown -to succeed
What motivated journeys to the east?
wealth- increased wealth of gentry created a demand for luxuries such as spices, cloth, cotton, jewels and perfumes
Spain- Portuguese merchants imported luxury goods from India, Portugal was invaded by Spain in 1580
Royal support- Elizabeth supported trade with the east by writing letters to be carried to the Mughal empire
What happened to Ralph Fitch’s expedition?
In the 1580s he travelled to India by land and saw the wealth of the Mughal Empire
What happened to Dutch’s success?
in 1599 a Dutch fleet returned to the Netherlands with hundreds of tons of spices
What was the East India Company?
In 1600 a group of merchants set up a company to trade with Inida
What happened to The first voyage?
in 1602 The east India company successfully set up a trading post on the island of Java and brought back spices and other goods
What did the adventurers achieve with trading with the east?
Brought new goods such as spices and cotton.
Gained valuable knowledge of India.
The East India Company became the most powerful company in the world in 1800, controlling half the trade of the world and almost all of India
