Elizabeth K.O 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What were gentry houses like in Elizabethan England?

A

Country houses with over 50 rooms that had glazed windows and highly decorated chimneys

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2
Q

What was gentry food and drink like in Elizabethan England?

A

They hosted feasts where servants served expensive food on silver platters. They had a rich, varied diet; exotic meats eg swan and pheasant, fish eg salmon, sweets eg sugar and marzipan and expensive wine

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3
Q

How did gentry make a living?

A

They did not work but made a living by renting out all of their land

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4
Q

What were homes of the middling-sort like in Elizabethan England?

A

Houses had around 10 rooms and over 2 floors. They had windows and Chimneys but were less decorated than gentry.

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5
Q

what was middling-sort food like?

A

They could afford a good diet of meat, fruit, bread and beer however couldn’t afford the luxuries

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6
Q

How did the Middling-sort make a living?

A

They were merchants, small business owners or independent farmers

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7
Q

What were houses of the labouring poor like in Elizabethan England?

A

Lived in small one-room houses with no chimney or glazed windows

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8
Q

What was labouring poor food like Elizabethan England?

A

Staple diet of bread relied on a good harvest and vegetables from garden could be made into pottage

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9
Q

How did the Labouring poor make a living in Elizabethan England?

A

Travelled around looking for seasonal work on farms

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10
Q

What was marriage like in Elizabethan England?

A

The gentry had their partners picked by parents but everyone else could marry who they liked

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11
Q

What type of society was Elizabethan England?

A

A patriarchal society where wives were expected to obey husbands although domestic violence was disproved of

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12
Q

What was forbidden by the church?

A

Sex before marriage and many couples instantly got married if they were pregnant. Same sex marriage and homosexual marriages had to be kept secret

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13
Q

Divorce in Elizabethan England

A

Divorce was very difficult although people were encouraged to remarry

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14
Q

Why were families quite small?

A

Women often had a lot of children but infant mortality rate was high

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15
Q

when did gentry children go to school?

A

parents paid for their school at age 7 onwards

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16
Q

did children work Elizabethan England?

A

Children aged 12 to 13 started to work in family homes as servants or as apprentices

17
Q

Extended family in Elizabethan England

A

Elizabethans did not have a strong bond with extended family members as they often moved away from home so did not live by or with their extended family and turned to neighbours for help

18
Q

what was poverty line like in Elizabethan England?

A

by 1580s 30% of the population lived in poverty

19
Q

What were vagabonds/Vagrants?

A

Unemployed people who roamed from town to town looking for work

20
Q

why did middling sort and gentry worry about vagabonds?

A

They thought they would commit crimes and spread the plague

21
Q

What punishments were introduced to vagrants?

A

Vagrants caught for the first time were whipped and burned through the ear with a hot iron and if they were caught again they were hanged.

22
Q

Did the vagabond punishments solve the poverty problem?

A

No because they didnt deal with the cause of poverty

23
Q

what were the 2 categories that divided the poor after the 1601 poor law?

A

The deserving poor-people who wanted to work but couldn’t eg elderly and disabled
The undeserving poor- people who could work but didn’t eg criminals and lazy people

24
Q

What were the deserving poor treated with?

A

poor relief (benefits)
apprenticeships for young people

25
Q

What were the undeserving poor treated with?

A

Threatened with deterrents such as whipping and hard labour

26
Q

How was the 1601 poor law paid for?

A

from a tax called the poor rate and managed by justices of peace

27
Q

What caused poverty in Elizabethan England?

A

1 population increase from 2.4 mil to 4.1 mil
2 inflation increased price of wheat by 250%
3 failed harvests in 1595, 1596 and 1597 meant even less wheat
4 sheep farming became very profitable so even less wheat

28
Q

what did the decrease in farming and increase in population mean?

A

Demand for wheat increased so people could not afford a stable diet