Elements Flashcards
ELEMENTS OF PARAGRAPH
✓ 1. UNITY
✔2. COHERENCE
✔3. EMPHASIS
In a unified paragraph, all of the sentences stick to the main idea presented in the topic sentence. A paragraph has unity if all of its sentences relate closely to the topic sentence.
A paragraph is unified when all its parts work toward the same end- when every word, phrase, and sentence explain, illustrates and clarifies the central idea expressed in the topic sentence.
Paragraph unity is destroyed when you drift away from your stated purpose by adding irrelevant details.
✓ 1. UNITY
In a coherent paragraph, supporting information is arranged in a logical order and linked with transitions, repetition of main words and in some paragraphs, with concluding sentence.
A paragraph is coherent when it hangs together and flows smoothly in a clear direction - when all sentences are logically connected like links in a chain, leading toward a definite conclusion.
✔2. COHERENCE
is the principle of the paragraph composition in which the important ideas are made to stand.
it is very important that the main points of the writer should be evident inside the paragraph.
the idea should be made to stand from the rest of the elements inside the paragraph.
In establishing emphasis, the main idea of what the author or the writer wants to say should show to have more importance.
✔3. EMPHASIS
Orders for Supporting Information
When supporting information is presented in a clear, logical order, the reader can sense where the paragraph is going.
The supporting information in a paragraph should be presented in a logical order.
Five orders are most frequently used to achieve a logical flow of ideas.
ORGANIZATION OF PARAGRAPHS
- Chronological (Time)
- Spatial (Space)
- Order of Importance
- Comparison and Contrast
- Developmental
Gives a sequence of events; tells what happened first, second, third and so on
- Chronological (Time)
Arranges details from nearest to farthest, top to bottom, left to right,
and so on
- Spatial (Space)
Ranks information from least important to
most important or vice versa
- Order of Importance
Presents similarities and differences between
items
- Comparison and Contrast
Arranges information from one point in the
topic another to sentence
- Developmental
When a topic sentence calls for the description of an action, the recounting of an incident, or the explanation of a process, the most effective order
chronological order
One way to damage paragraph coherence is to use too many short, choppy sentences. Two other ways to damage coherence are:
to place sentences in the wrong order and to use insufficient transitions and other connectors to link related ideas.
Once you have identified your reader and purpose, and gathered your supporting details, you will have to arrange these details in a way that makes the most sense. Following a logical sequence within a paragraph simply means that you decide on which idea to discuss first, which is the second, and so on. The sequence you select for any paragraph will depend on your subject, purpose, and reader’s needs. Some possibilities are as follows:
Paragraphs developed logically
A spatial order of development begins at one location and ends at another. This order is most useful in a paragraph that describes a physical or geographical item or a mechanism. Simply describe the parts in the order in which readers would actually view the: left or right, inside to outside, etc. the writer has chosen spatial order that proceeds from the needle’s base (hub) to its point:
Spatial sequence
