Element 3 - Vehicle & Plant Movement Flashcards
Outline some typical “Collision with moving vehicle” hazards?
- Pedestrian walkways that require walking on vehicle traffic routes.
- Pedestrian crossing points.
- Exits that open onto vehicle traffic routes.
- Areas where people walk adjacent to moving vehicles.
- Working in proximity to moving vehicles (loading bays, road repairs).
Identify some factors that could be considered when developing a plan for the safe movement of pedestrians around the workplace?
- Have a vehicle free workplace.
- Slip resistant surfaces.
- Spillage control and drainage.
- Designated walkways.
- Fencing and guard rails.
- Use of signs and PPE.
- Information, instruction, training and supervision.
Explain why walkways might be used?
- Pedestrians will stay in designated areas.
- Vehicles or other hazards do not stray into pedestrian areas.
How might walkways be designated/shown?
- Guard rails (direct physical protection).
- Kerbs and pavements.
- Markings on the floor.
Explain why fencing or guard rails might be used?
- Designates an area and gives protection to pedestrian walkways.
- Protects an edge where pedestrians might fall.
- Perimeter fencing prevents unauthorised access to construction sites.
- Prevents access to dangerous machinery or areas.
- Prevents access to temporary hazards (eg. Potholes).
Identify some typical hazards which relate directly to vehicle movements in the workplace?
- Driving too fast.
- Reversing.
- Silent operation of machinery.
- Poor visibility.
Outline why a driver may lose control of their vehicle?
- Driver error.
- Environmental conditions.
- Mechanical failure.
Identify the typical risks associated with vehicle operations?
- Loss of control and overturning.
- Collisions.
Outline the factors that can cause a forklift truck to overturn?
- Cornering whilst being driven too fast.
- Uneven loading of the forks.
- Driving over pot holes.
- Driving with the load elevated, especially cornering.
- Uneven tyre pressures.
- Driving across a slope.
- Excessive braking.
- Collisions, especially with kerbs.
Collisions can occur between vehicles and what else?
- Other vehicles.
- Pedestrians.
- Fixed objects.
Explain why vehicle entrance/exit points to the workplace are areas of particular concern?
- Bottlenecking of vehicles through these routes.
- Presence of blind spots.
- Changes in light levels.
List the factors that increase the risk of vehicle collisions?
- Driving too fast.
- Inadequate lighting.
- Reversing without the help of Banksman.
- Blind spots, such as corners and entrances.
- Bad weather conditions.
- Obstructed visibility (overloaded forks).
- Poor design of pedestrian walkways and crossing points.
- Lack of vehicle maintenance.
Identify the 3 main categories used to control the risks created by vehicle operations?
- The workplace environment.
- The vehicle.
- The driver.
Outline some control measures which can reduce the risk of an accident from reversing vehicles?
- Avoidance of reversing by implementing one-way traffic systems.
- Segregation of pedestrians and vehicles or the provision of refuges.
- Good vehicle selection so that drivers have adequate visibility.
- Provision of audible reversing alarms and flashing beacons.
- Provision of mirrors at blind spots to see approaching pedestrians.
- Use of high visibility clothing.
- Ensuring that the area is well lit.
- Provision of Banksman.
- Training for drivers and pedestrians working in the area.
Give some typical rules for parking a forklift truck?
- Apply the handbrake.
- Lower the forks and tip the mast forwards.
- Remove the key.
- Do not obstruct a traffic route.
- Do not obstruct a pedestrian route.
- Do not obstruct emergency escape routes.
Identify some basic principles of what vehicles should be?
- Suitable for their intended use.
- Suitable for the environment and conditions in which they are used.
- Maintained in safe working order.
- Only driven by suitably trained, qualified staff.
- Inspected routinely before use.
List some safety features that could be fitted to vehicles?
- Seat belts.
- Seats.
- Roll bar or cage.
- Guard to protect driver in the event of falling objects.
- Horn.
- Visibility aids such as cameras and mirrors.
- Audible reverse alarm.
- Flashing beacon.
What does ROPS stand for?
Roll Over Protective Structure.
- The structure of the vehicle that prevents the driver from being crushed, should the vehicle roll over onto its side or top.
Outline the pre-use checks which should be carried out on forklift trucks?
- Tyre pressures.
- Parking brakes and service brakes.
- Steering.
- Fuel, oil and water systems for levels and leaks.
- Check batteries are fully charged, leak free, leads are stored and that the battery retention device is stored.
- Lifting and tilting systems are working, are leak free and hydraulic fluids are correct.
- Audible warning.
- Lights.
- Mirrors.
Identify some key characteristics of a safe driver?
- Competent to drive the vehicle.
- Medically fit to drive.
- Provided with information, instruction and training.
- Supervised.
List the 3 main risk factors for a driver?
- Their Competency.
- Their Training.
- Their Fitness/Health.
List some risk factors affecting a vehicle?
- It’s Suitability.
- It’s Condition.
- It’s Safety Equipment.
- It’s Safety Critical Information.
- The Ergonomic Considerations.
Outline the reasons why site vehicles may overturn?
- Speed of travel.
- Steepness of the slope.
- Driving over pot holes or bumps in surface.
- Stability of the load.
- Uneven or high tyre pressures.
- Height of the vehicle including its load.
- Any external longitudinal pressure (wind, colliding objects).
- Condition of the vehicle.
- Suitability of vehicle for the operation.
- Obstacles on traffic route or operating area.
- The way in which the vehicle is loaded.
- Competence of driver.
Explain how collisions with other vehicles or plant, pedestrians or fixed objects are generally caused?
- Poor weather.
- Bright sunlight.
- Poor local lighting.
- Inappropriate braking.
- Poor sight lines (blind spots).
- Poor surfaces.
- Congestion.
- Lack of warning signs and barriers at crossing points.
- Roadways too narrow.
- Inappropriate use of speed.
List some non-movement related hazards?
- Loading and unloading (overloading, uneven loading, unsecured, etc)
- Securing and sheeting loads.
- Coupling vehicles and trailer attachments.
- Vehicle maintenance.
- Refuelling (try to do it off site, use diesel or LPG).
Identify control measures to manage vehicle movement on a construction site?
- Eliminate/reduce reversing….use one-way systems, banks men, warning devices, etc.
- Speed limits.
- Vehicle parking for all vehicles. It should be designated.
- Signs and markings.
- Signalling - Use of banks men.
- Loading/unloading.
What will the suitability of vehicles and plant depend on?
- The manufacturers specification.
- The ground conditions that the vehicle is operating on.
- It’s stability on muddy, soft ground, slopes, gradients and uneven surfaces.
- The effect of work in close proximity.
- Lights/warning devices.
- Adequate driver visibility.
- Driver protection from adverse weather conditions.
- Adequate guarding on dangerous parts of a machine.
Identify key areas of concern to ensure safe operation of vehicles on a construction site?
- Braking systems.
- Steering mechanisms.
- Tyres.
- Exhaust systems.
- Audible warning alarms.
- Lights.
- Mirrors.
- Roll over and falling object protection.
- Weather proof cabins.
- Seat belts.
- Fire fighting equipment.
Give some general rules for drivers, to prevent unauthorised use or misuse of vehicles?
- Remove keys from vehicles when not in use.
- After work, switch off engine, apply hand brake. Battery disconnected on battery operated vehicles.
- Park in a safe place, not obstructing access/egress to any other vehicle or emergency service.
- Do not leave vehicle unattended on a gradient. If not possible, leave in neutral, parking brake applied and chock the wheels.
- Sound horn at every potential danger point.
List some rules regarding on site parking?
- Separate parking areas for site and staff vehicles.
- Adequate access/egress from parking areas.
- Space allocated for loading/unloading skips and collection vehicles.
- Prohibit parking near any scaffolding, especially transport carrying LPG.
List the 3 bodies that the HSE recognise,medics operate schemes to accredit training to the prescribed driving safety standards?
- The Construction Industry Training Board.
- The Agricultural Training Board.
- The Road Transport Industry Training Board.
Identify the factors that increase the risk of work-related road incidents?
- Distance
- Traffic and driving hours.
- Work schedules.
- Weather conditions.
How should an employer manage work-related road safety?
- Have a safe driving policy.
- Safe system….examine driver credentials/licences, maintenance records, vehicle servicing records.
- Monitor road safety performance….log incidents, log faults, random checks.
- Organisation and structure….cooperation amongst departments.
- Legal responsibilities of individuals on public highways.
List the 3 areas for risk assessing of road risks?
- The driver.
- The vehicle.
- The journey.
