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Physical Science > Electrostatics > Flashcards

Electrostatics Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two types of charge

A

Positive charges namely protons and negative charges namely electrons.

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2
Q

What Is tribo electrical charge

A

The process by which electrons are transferred when two objects come Into contact with each other and are then separated from each other. During the process of tribo electrical charge, one object wins electrons on its surface and is charged negatively, the other object loses electrons from its surface and is positively charged

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3
Q

What does the word tribo mean

A

To rub

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4
Q

What is the tribo electrical series

A

The tendency of a substance to either give up electrons and be positively charged or take up electrons and be negatively charged

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5
Q

What are the substances on the tribo electrical series

A 
Dry skin human 
Rabbit fur 
Perspex 
Cellulose acetate 
Glass
Human hair 
Nylon 
Wool 
Cat hair 
Flannel 
Silk 
Paper 
Cotton (neutral) 
Steel  (neutral) 
Wood  (neutral) 
Ebony 
Rubber ballon 
Stiff rubber 
Nickel, copper, silver 
Foam plastic 
Cling plastic 
Polythene 
Polyethylene (scotch tape)
Vinyl (PVC) 
Silicone
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6
Q

What are the factors that influence electrostatic forces

A

Distance and magnitude of the charges

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7
Q

What is an electrostatic force

A

À force of attraction or répulsion between two charged objects

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8
Q

What is electrostatics

A

The study of charges at rest

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9
Q

What does matter consist of

A

Atoms or molecules which contain equal numbers of protons and electronS

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10
Q

How can insulators be charged

A

Through friction

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11
Q

How do positive ions form

A

Through the loss of electrons

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12
Q

How do negative ions form

A

Through the gaining of electrons

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13
Q

What will like charges do

A

Repel

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14
Q

What will unlike charges do

A

Attract

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15
Q

What is the law of conservation of electrical charge

A

Charges cannot be created or destroyed, but separated and transferred from one object to another. Therefore we say that the net charge of an isolated system remains constant

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16
Q

What is the unit of charge

A

Coulomb (C)

17
Q

What is the elementary charge

A

The charge of an electron

18
Q

What is the charge of an electron

A

-1,6 x 10^-19

19
Q

What is the charge of a proton

A

1.6 x 10^-19

20
Q

How do charges objects attract uncharged insulators (since their electrons cannot move freely)

A

a charged object attracts or repels an uncharged object to form a slightly negative pole and slightly positive pole on an object due to the movement of electrons from one side of the atoms in the object to another (to shield positive charges or unshield the positive charges. This is called a temporary dipole. Because this process takes place due to the proximity of an external charge we call this induced polarisation

21
Q

How do charged objects attract uncharged conductors

A

A charged object repels or attracts the electrons of the conductor leaving an excess positive charge or excess negative charge which is then attracted by the charged object

22
Q

What is a permanent dipole

A

When the arrangement of electrons in a molecule is uneven resulting in a slightly positive and slightly negative side even though the molecule as a whole is still neutral

23
Q

Why are objects that are charged mounted onto an isolated stand during an experiment

A

So that the charges on the object do not become grounded

24
Q

What is the symbol for electrical charge

A

Q or q

25
Q

What is the equation for the charge when 2 identical size conductors come into contact

A

qnew = (q1 +q2)/2

26
Q

What is the formula to determine the charges transferred

A

(Delta)q=qf-qi

27
Q

What is the principle of quantisation

A

The observed charge on an isolated particle is always an integer multiple of e(1,6 x 10^-19)

28
Q

What is Coulomb’s law

A

Two point charges in free space or air exert forces on each other. The force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of their distance between the charges

29
Q

What is an electric field

A

A region of space in which an electric charge experienced a force. The direction of the electric field at a point is the direction that a positive test charge would move if placed at that point

30
Q

Define electric field strength

A

The force per unit positive charge

31
Q

How can we determine if there is an electric field in a certain area

A

Place a test charge in the area. If the charge experienced a force, there is an electrical field in the area.

32
Q

Learn the internet electric field lines on page 241

A

Did you get it right ?

33
Q

What is an electric field line

A

An imaginary line that indicates the direction and strength along which a positive test charge will move if it is placed at a specific point in the electric field

34
Q

What are the properties of electric field lines

A
  • They originate and end perpendicularly to the surface of the charged object.
  • They can never cross or touch each other.
  • they are most dense (closer to each other) where the field is the strongest and are least dense (further from each other) where the field is the weakest.
  • Their direction is, according to convention, from the positively charged object to the negatively charged object. -They surround the charged object in three dimensions. We only draw a few lines on one plane.
    -There is a uniform field between two oppositely charged parallel plates (except at the terminal points).
35
Q

How is the electric field between parallel charged plates

A

There is a uniform electrical field between the two oppositely charged parallel plates. A positive test charge will experience the same electrostatic force at any point in an electrical field between two positively charged parallel plates

36
Q

How is the electric field around point charges and charged spheres

A

The electric field around point charges and charged spheres are not uniform. The further you move away from the charge or sphere, the weaker the electric field as well as the electrostatic force becomes

37
Q

How is the electrical field around an irregular object

A

For objects that have an irregular shape the greatest charge is found at the sharpest areas where the electrical field is also the densest.

Physical Science (29 decks)

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